The journal Serambi Engineering (JSE) was published by the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah, Banda Aceh, with the first issue Vol. 1 No. August 1 - December 2016. Editorial receives of scientific article submissions from academics and practitioners either from Universitas Serambi Mekkah or external Universitas Serambi Mekkah. JSE has e-ISSN: 2528-3561 and p-ISSN: 2541-1934
Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah
Evaluasi Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah Industri Kimia PT X
The wastewater treatment plant of PT X, a chemical polymer industry, was evaluated to assess its performance in treating wastewater to meet industrial environmental quality standards. This evaluation includes an analysis of effluent quality based on BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, pH, and temperature parameters. Secondary data from PT X's laboratory testing showed non-compliance with standards based on the Minister of Environment Regulation Number 05 of 2014, particularly for COD and BOD parameters. The efficiency of the wastewater treatment plant in reducing parameters was COD 97.7%, BOD 97.7%, TSS 99%, and a TDS value of -289.3%. The design evaluation showed that several treatment units, such as the coagulation-flocculation tank, were located in the same unit and had the same speed. Additionally, the coagulation detention time exceeded the design criteria by 11,833.2 seconds. This causes wastewater treatment to not function optimally. To improve the performance of the WWTP, it is recommended to adjust the volume of some treatment units, optimize operational parameters, and conduct regular monitoring to ensure the system continues to operate optimally.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yalka Sabilla, Eka Wardhani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Literatur Review : Sintesis Hidroksiapatit Dari Limbah Tulang Sapi Menggunakan Metode Hidrotermal
Indonesia is one of the countries with high beef consumption and production, resulting in large amounts of bone waste, especially rib bones, every year. This bone waste is generally not optimally utilized and has the potential to cause environmental problems. In fact, cow bones, including ribs, contain a high-value mineral compound called hydroxyapatite (Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂). Hydroxyapatite is an inorganic compound with a crystal structure and composition similar to human bone and tooth tissue, making it a highly potential material in the biomedical field, especially as a raw material for dentures, bone implants, and bone fillers. Through environmentally friendly technological approaches such as the hydrothermal method, bone waste can be processed to extract pure hydroxyapatite. This process involves heat and pressure treatment in a closed device that can remove organic components without damaging the mineral structure. The synthesized hydroxyapatite has a composition and crystal structure similar to human hard tissue, making it highly potential for use as a base material in medical applications, especially for dental prostheses.
Copyright (c) 2026 Etih Hartati, Khoirunisa Ameilia Rahmawati, Djaenudin, Herlian Eriska Putra (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Optimasi Gerakan Operator Dengan Time and Motion Study untuk Efisiensi Produksi
The garment industry, as a labor-intensive sector, faces challenges related to efficiency and production cost due to the large number of operator movements that do not add value. As a garment manufacturing company, PT Fashion Stitch Joshua experiences this problem in the form of increased cycle time causes by many non value added operator motion. This study aims to design standardized motion to improve efficiency. The method used is a time and motion study through therbligh analysis to identify, classify, and eliminate ineffective movement. Data were collected through direct observation, video documentation, and cycle time measurement. The result show that the high cycle time in the join side seam process is caused by the large proportion of ineffective motion in the operators work methods. Therbligh analysis indicates that non value added motion elements significantly contribute to reduced efficiency, thereby confirming the hypothesis regarding the importance of improving work methods. Through the redesign of motion based on therbligh principles, the cycle time was reduced from 39.09 second to 29,50 second, representing an efficiency improvement of 24%. The implementation of standardized motion design is proven to be more effective in improving efficiency and can serve as a reference for production processes in the garment industry.
Copyright (c) 2026 Syafruddin Dwi Saefi Ismail, Anita Oktaviana Trisna Devi, Bekti Nugrahadi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Sistem Monitoring Kebisingan dan Polusi Udara Pada Ruang Mesin CNC Router Berbasis Internet of Things
CNC machine rooms are industrial work environments with high levels of noise and potential air pollution originating from high-speed spindle motor operations, mechanical friction, and metal-cutting processes. Currently, monitoring these conditions is largely done manually. This study aims to design and implement an Internet of Things (IoT)-based system that can continuously and in real time monitor the work environment for noise and air pollution. This study employed a research and development approach integrating noise and air quality sensors controlled by an ESP32 microcontroller and connected to a cloud platform for data acquisition and visualization. The system's accuracy and performance were evaluated by taking direct measurements of various CNC router cutting materials and comparing the sensor results with those of standard measuring instruments. Results showed that the system reliably monitored noise and dust concentration, with average measurement errors of 2.9% and 1.3%, respectively. Implementing this system effectively provides an early warning when workplace parameters exceed safety thresholds, thereby supporting rapid, data-driven occupational safety and health (OSH) risk mitigation decisions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Gigih Priyandoko, Mahmud Habibi, Romadhon (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Design of a Rice Drying System Prototype Based on PLC Simatic S7-1200
Rice drying in Indonesia generally still uses conventional methods by utilizing sunlight. However, weather changes often become obstacles, hampering the drying process. This research designed an automatic rice dryer based on PLC that uses PLN electricity as a power source and a heater as the heating element. The system is equipped with a sensor to monitor the moisture content of the rice so that the heater automatically turns off when the rice is dry. A DC motor is used as a drive to move the rice during the drying process. PLC programming is carried out using TIA Portal software with ladder diagram language. Based on testing for 33 minutes, the drying temperature increased from 30.7°C to 33.29°C, while the moisture content of the rice decreased from 21.20% to 13.54%, and the rice weight decreased from 1000g to 919g. These results indicate that the PLC-based drying system can control the rice drying process in a stable and effective manner. This tool is expected to be widely implemented on an agricultural scale to improve rice quality efficiently and reduce dependence on unpredictable weather conditions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mochammad Machmud Rifadil, Suryono, Ferry Astika Saputra, Achmad Akhdanizar Rafli (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Implementasi Sistem Informasi Geografis untuk Pemetaan Lokasi Rawan Kecelakaan (Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Jekan Raya Kota Palangka Raya)
Palangka Raya City is a developed urban area with significant traffic flow, especially on primary arterial roads connecting provinces and districts. This condition leads to a high potential for traffic accidents. Jekan Raya District, as one of the districts in Palangka Raya, had a population of 140,173 people in 2019, so the accident risk level in this area is quite high. Population density causes competition for space and limited access to road infrastructure, which exacerbates traffic problems and increases the risk of accidents. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can be used as an alternative to analyze and generate maps of areas and accident-prone areas in Jekan Raya District. Based on calculations of accident and fatality rates on Jalan Tjilik Riwut, the average accident rate from 2018-2022 reached 7.22% with a fatality rate of 1.19% per 100 million vehicle trips. Several roads classified as black sites include Jalan Tjilik Riwut (181 incidents), Jalan G. Obos (58), Jalan RTA Milono (38), and others. This data serves as an important reference in managing locations prone to traffic accidents.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jannatur Rahmah, Murniati, Desi Riani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Strategi Pengelolaan Sampah di Kota Cimahi dengan Kerangka SOAR
Population growth and metropolitan activity in Cimahi City, with a population of 598,698 residents in 2024, and with a waste composition dominated by organic materials, have heightened the need for a more effective waste management system. Sarimukti Landfill, which serves as the regional disposal site for Greater Bandung, has exceeded its capacity, requiring compliance with disposal capacity limits within its service coverage. Given the limited land availability and high population density, optimizing existing waste management facilities has become the most relevant and feasible strategy. This study aims to formulate sustainable waste management strategies for Cimahi City by identifying strategic factors using the SOAR framework. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and direct observations with stakeholders involved in waste management in Cimahi City. The SOAR approach was selected to explore strengths, opportunities, aspirations, and expected results, thereby producing a strategic mapping that emphasizes stakeholder collaboration. Based on the SOAR analysis, the Strength–Aspirations (SA) strategy demonstrates the greatest implementation potential, comprising efforts to strengthen waste-sorting literacy and practices, develop standardized SOPs, enhance inter-agency coordination, innovate volume-based financing schemes and digital service channels, and reorganize operational systems toward sustainability.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lilih Muflihah, I Made Wahyu Widyarsana (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Kajian Konseptual Teknologi Constructed Wetlands sebagai Sistem Pengolahan Limbah Cair Permukiman di Kelurahan Pampang Kota Makassar
Domestic wastewater management at the neighborhood scale remains a significant environmental challenge, particularly in areas with limited sanitation infrastructure. Pampang Village, Makassar City faces constraints related to the suboptimal performance of domestic wastewater treatment systems, which may degrade residential environmental quality and contaminate surrounding water bodies. Constructed wetlands (CW) have emerged as nature-based wastewater treatment technologies offering sustainable and locally adaptive sanitation alternatives. This study aims to examine the conceptual suitability of CW as a domestic wastewater treatment system at the neighborhood level in Pampang Village, Makassar City. The research method is based on a literature review and conceptual analysis of CW working principles, system types and characteristics, and their suitability in terms of technical, operational, environmental, and social aspects. The results indicate that CW demonstrate a high level of suitability for implementation at the neighborhood scale. Domestic wastewater with moderate organic loads allows CW to operate effectively through the integration of physical, chemical, and biological processes. Design flexibility, particularly in vertical-flow and hybrid systems, enhances adaptability to land limitations, while low energy requirements and operational simplicity support community-based implementation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Darwis Baso (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Strengthening And Retrofitting Reinforced Concrete Column Using Concrete Jacketing Method As External Confinerment: An Overview
Reinforced concrete (RC) jacketing is a universally recognized effective technique for strengthening and repairing structurally compromised columns. This paper integrates previous research to evaluate the effectiveness of RC jacketing in improving the axial and seismic performance of columns through external confinement. The literature review demonstrates that RC jacketing significantly improves the load-bearing capacity, ductility, and stiffness of columns. Key factors influencing performance are identified: surface preparation, use of mechanical connectors, adhesives, and the number of coated sides, with four-sided jacketing being particularly effective. The literature review also explores practical applications, such as partial jacketing at column corners and preload member jacketing, along with identifying their cost-effectiveness in economic terms compared to full renovation. Furthermore, innovative approaches such as the use of sustainable bamboo reinforcement and hybrid techniques combining jacketing with additional beams have the potential to improve efficiency and environmental sustainability. It can be demonstrated that RC jacketing has proven to be a reliable, economically and structurally viable solution for rehabilitation.
Copyright (c) 2026 I’zaz Imtiyaz Shofa’, Parmo, Kusnul Prianto (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Nanopartikel Perak Berbasis AgNO3 dan Ekstrak Daun Lamtoro (Leucaena Leucocephala) Untuk Aktivitas Antibakteri
This study aims to synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) based on silver nitrate (AgNO₃) using Leucaena leucocephala leaf extract as a natural bioreducing agent, and to determine the effects of AgNO₃ concentration and stirring time on their morphology, stability, and antibacterial activity. The synthesis was carried out using AgNO₃ concentrations of 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, and 5.5 mM, with stirring times of 2, 3, and 4 hours at room temperature. UV-Vis analysis showed that a concentration of 5.5 mM and stirring time of 3 hours produced a maximum absorption peak at approximately 430 nm, indicating the successful formation of stable silver nanoparticles. SEM analysis revealed spherical-shaped AgNPs with particle sizes ranging from 50 to 100 nm. The antibacterial activity test against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 showed an inhibition zone of 11.67 mm at 100% concentration, categorized as strong antibacterial activity. Therefore, the combination of 5.5 mM AgNO₃ concentration and 3 hours of stirring time was determined to be the optimum condition for producing stable silver nanoparticles with high antibacterial potential.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ayu Rosyida Zam Zam, Nashrul Amin, Sri Redjeki (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Perbandingan Kandungan Logam Berat di Air dan Sedimen Sungai Cimande, Provinsi Jawa Barat
Heavy metal pollution in river ecosystems has the potential to disrupt the environmental balance and endanger human health, thus requiring a study of metal content in water and sediment segments. This study aims to analyze the concentrations of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and copper (Cu) in river water and sediments and compare them with the quality standards set by Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. Sampling was conducted purposively at several stations in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the river, then analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) after undergoing preparation and wet destruction processes. The results showed that the levels of Cd, Cr, and Cu in sediments were generally higher than in water, indicating the role of sediments as a medium for metal accumulation. At point 3, the concentration of Cu in the sediment exceeded the ISQC Low ANZECC threshold value of >65 mg/kg, while the Cr and Cu levels in the water exceeded the class 2 quality standards of >0.05 and >0.02 mg/L. Overall, the quality of river water and sediment is greatly influenced by industrial waste, thus requiring efforts to control sources of pollution and regular monitoring in the study area.
Air dan sedimen, logam berat, purposive, sungai, ANZECC
Copyright (c) 2026 Eka Wardhani, Dyah Marganingrum, Didin Agustian, Rachmawati Sugihhartati, Prayudha Rohan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Kopasanda (Chromolaena Odorata L.) Sebagai Penangkal Efek Radikal Bebas Formulasi Tabir Surya
Kopasanda (Chromolaena Odorata L.) is a plant that contains flavonoid compounds in it where these compounds can act as natural antioxidants. This study aims to see the effectiveness of kopasanda leaf extract as a free radical scavenger in sunscreen formulations. Currently, the need for skin care is increasing, where the level of skin brightness is one indicator of skin health. Skin color when exposed to UV rays will change even if left to be exposed continuously which is worse can cause cancer. Kopasanda leaves are studied to contain ingredients rich in flavonoids such as polyphenol compounds that have a role as antioxidants in warding off free radicals. In proving this, it is necessary to test the antioxidant activity with the DPPH method, as well as apply it as a lotion product. Kopasanda leaf extract with the addition of ethanol solvent with varying concentrations of kopasanda leaf extract additives of 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7% with stirring times of 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 90 minutes. The results of the study on antioxidant activity without adding a concentration of 0 were 124,845 ppm and the antioxidant activity with the addition of a concentration of 5% and 7% were 117,230 ppm and 114,201 ppm.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hikmah Ramadana Nasution, Ida Hasmita, Eka Marya Mistar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Kajian Modifikasi Bentuk Buritan Kapal Polbeng 2 Menggunakan Analisa Numerik
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kinerja Kapal Polbeng 2 yang mengalami penurunan kecepatan akibat meningkatnya hambatan hidrodinamika pada bagian buritan. Kondisi buritan eksisting menunjukkan adanya aliran turbulen yang mengganggu aliran fluida di belakang kapal, sehingga berdampak pada menurunnya performa kapal saat beroperasi pada kecepatan menengah. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, dilakukan modifikasi bentuk buritan kapal dengan memvariasikan beberapa model buritan berdasarkan desain awal. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan simulasi analisa numerik dengan kecepatan kapal yang sama untuk setiap model. Kinerja masing-masing model buritan dibandingkan berdasarkan nilai tahanan hidrodinamika dan karakteristik aliran fluida di area buritan (wake flow). Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat menunjukkan pengaruh perubahan bentuk buritan terhadap penurunan hambatan dan peningkatan performa kapal. Temuan ini diharapkan menjadi acuan teknis bagi Politeknik Negeri Bengkalis dalam mengoptimalkan fungsi Kapal Polbeng 2 sebagai sarana pembelajaran dan penelitian di bidang teknik perkapalan.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Helmi, Edy Haryanto, Fahendi Roher, Fauzi Hanif, Ali Rahman Hakim (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Application of Seven Tools to Improve Quality and Prevent Defects in the Instrument Panel Production Process at PT. Automotive Industry
Product quality is an important factor in the automotive industry, because defective products can reduce production efficiency, increase costs, and reduce customer satisfaction. This study aims to identify the dominant types of defects and analyze the main causes of defects in the Instrument Panel production process at PT. Industri Otomotif by applying the Seven Tools method. The research method uses a case study approach with data collection through direct observation, interviews, and production data documentation. The analytical tools used include check sheets, flowcharts, histograms, scatter diagrams, control charts, Pareto charts, and fishbone diagrams. The results show that there are four main types of defects, namely shot mold, bubble, burry effect mold broken, and discolor (striped), with the dominant defect being shot mold at 38.52%. Further analysis using the fishbone diagram revealed that the main causes of defects come from machine, method, material, and human factors. The application of the Seven Tools has proven effective in providing a comprehensive overview of production conditions and generating improvement recommendations that can reduce the level of defects, improve product quality, and reduce production costs.
Copyright (c) 2026 Pipin Maspioh, Nadia Fasa, Rachmad Dandy, Naufal Rabbani Sumitra (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of SO2, NOx, CO and PM2,5 Pollutant Dispersion from The Combustion of Domestic Waste Incinerators
The population of Bandung City in 2024 reached 2,579,837 people with a total daily waste generation of 546,151.49 tons/year. The largest composition of waste is domestic waste (household waste). The high volume of waste puts serious pressure on the Final Processing Site (TPA). As a form of commitment to achieving national waste management targets, the Bandung City government continues to encourage the implementation of the Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle (3R) approach. One solution from the implementation of 3R is the incineration of residual waste using a waste incinerator. However, the composition of waste greatly affects the quality of emissions produced. The content of organic materials, plastics, heavy metals, and water content in the waste can produce hazardous pollutants such as particulates, carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), dioxins, and furans if the incineration process is not carried out optimally. Air quality monitoring in the surrounding area needs to be considered, given that the effluent from waste incineration in incinerators is dispersed into the ambient air using AERMOD software.
bandung city, domestic waste, incineration
Copyright (c) 2026 Vanya Nurulita Santana, Didin Agustian Permadi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Systematic Literature Review Penelitian Hydrothermal Cangkang Telur Ayam dengan Analisis Bibliometrik Menggunakan Software VOSviewer
Food waste management is a global challenge that encourages the application of the circular economy concept through resource reuse. Chicken eggshell waste has the potential to be used as a renewable source of calcium, while hydrothermal processing is a promising method for converting it into value-added products. This study aims to map the development of hydrothermal processing research on chicken eggshell waste through a bibliometric analysis of 75 Scopus-indexed publications from 2019 to 2024. The results of the analysis show that China is the country with the highest number of publications. Co-authorship analysis identified 27 collaborating authors, with Zhang, X., Yin, J., and Wang, I. as the main authors. The most dominant keywords were “hydroxyapatite,” “hydrothermal method,” and “calcium.” This study shows that hydrothermal research focuses on the development of calcium-based biomaterials and nanomaterials and opens up opportunities for further research on the sustainable use of chicken eggshell waste.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Naufal Agusty, Etih Hartati, Djaenudin, Herlian Eriska Putra (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Optimization of Drying Conditions of Chlorella vulgaris Using Tray Dryer for Biodiesel Feedstock
Microalgae are one of the primary feedstocks for biodiesel production due to their high lipid content, ranging from 4–77% of dry weight. Chlorella vulgaris is considered a superior species with a lipid content of 5–40% based on dry weight. Drying microalgae into powder form has been developed to improve handling, storage, and application, including in biodiesel production. However, drying remains a major challenge, as inappropriate methods may cause lipid degradation due to high-temperature exposure. This study aims to dry Chlorella vulgaris using a tray dryer and to optimize its operating conditions through analysis of variance based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Based on the literature, no previous studies have used a tray dryer for drying Chlorella vulgaris. Optimization was conducted by varying drying temperature (55–75°C) and air velocity (1.5–1.7 m/s) to achieve the highest drying efficiency. The highest efficiency was achieved at 79°C and 1.6 m/s, reaching 99.99% with energy consumption of 603.17 kWh/kg. Meanwhile, RSM analysis showed that the optimum condition was at 75°C and 1.7 m/s, resulting in 99.89% efficiency with energy consumption of 693.97 kWh/kg. Drying at both 75°C and 79°C proved to be efficient and safe in preserving lipid compounds in microalgae.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lidya Elizabeth, Rispiandi, Laily Isna Ramadhani, Dhyna Analyes Trirahayu, Irwan Hidayatulloh (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Rancang Bangun Prototype Dekanter dengan Sistem Elektrokoagulasi untuk Proses Pemisahan Gliserol dalam Crude Biodiesel
This study aims to examine the effectiveness of an electrocoagulation (EC) system in biodiesel purification using a combination of iron rod and aluminum disk electrodes in a cone-bottom decanter, compared to conventional gravity decantation. The apparatus design includes a 4-liter working volume, 1 cm electrode spacing, and operation at 15 V AC for 1 hour. The results indicate that EC significantly accelerates glycerol separation, requiring only 1 hour compared to gravity decantation, which takes over 24 hours. The glycerol separation efficiency with EC reached 98.49%, higher than that of gravity decantation (97.70%). Biodiesel produced via EC yielded a total glycerol content of 0.19%, meeting the SNI standards (< 0.24%), whereas gravity decantation resulted in 0.29%. Other parameters, such as density (0.86 g/mL), viscosity (5.8 cSt), water content (0.008%), and %FAME (98.36%), also complied with the standards. In conclusion, the electrocoagulation system with a stacked disk electrode configuration is more effective in accelerating separation and improving biodiesel quality.
Copyright (c) 2026 Larisa Mandalini, Diva Stivano, Dyah Nirmala, Addin Akbar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Penyisihan Nutrien dengan Material Zeolit dan Karbon Aktif dalam Teknologi Sediment Capping Studi Kasus Danau Batur Bali
Lake Batur is one of the national priority lakes that is experiencing pollution pressure due to anthropogenic activities. Nitrogen in the form of ammonium (NH₄) and phosphorus in the form of orthophosphate (PO₄) at high levels cause eutrophication. One of the technologies used to address eutrophication in Lake Batur is sediment capping technology. Sediment capping involves covering the sediment surface with a capping layer of adsorbent material that must effectively adsorb nutrients, prevent their release back into the water, and remain stable under lake environmental conditions. Therefore, adsorbent materials that are selective, environmentally friendly, and easily obtainable especially in the local context of Lake Batur are required. This study aims to determine the capability of zeolite and activated carbon as capping materials through laboratory experiments. The parameters tested include the adsorption efficiency of zeolite and carbon in removing ammonium and orthophosphate under various conditions such as pH, dosage, and equilibrium isotherms. The results of the study show that both materials have potential as capping materials but zeolite is more recommended for nutrient management in Lake Batur.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rosalina Almalia, Prayatni Soewondno, Astried Sunaryani (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Evaluasi Kolam Retensi Perumahan Bandung Inten Indah, Kelurahan Derwati, Kecamatan Rancasari, Kota Bandung
This study aims to evaluate the performance of the initial retention pond design in the Bandung Inten Housing Complex and to plan for an increase in storage capacity based on the hydrological conditions of the area. The research method refers to the guidelines of the Directorate General of Human Settlements, which include hydrological analysis, determination of runoff discharge, preparation of inflow hydrographs, and calculation of pond storage volume. The evaluation results show that the initial retention pond with a volume 5.400 m3 is not yet capable of accommodating the planned runoff discharge. Based on the calculation results, the required pond volume is 7.509,42 m3 using a pump capacity of 0,03 m3/second, which is capable of reducing the runoff discharge in the Bandung Inten Housing Complex by 81,986%. However, additional alternative control measures are still needed to improve flood control effectiveness.
Copyright (c) 2026 Idza Selvia, Eka Wardhani, Iwan Juwana, Kancitra Pharmawati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Pemanfaatan Air Limbah Domestik Kegiatan Hotel X untuk Penyiraman Ruang Terbuka Hijau
The tourism sector, particularly hotel operations, generates domestic wastewater in significant quantities concurrent with high consumption of fresh water. This study analyzes the potential utilization of treated wastewater from Hotel X for green open space irrigation and non-potable applications. The research was conducted using secondary data from the Technical Approval Document of Hotel X (2025), employing a descriptive quantitative approach. The fresh water demand was determined to be 79.72 m³/day, with wastewater generation of 62.07 m³/day, and GOS area of 1,792 m². The domestic wastewater of Hotel X comprises 81.5% greywater and 18.4% blackwater, treated through a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) system consisting of grease trap, equalization tank, aeration tank, clarifier, sludge tank, and chlorination unit. The treated effluent meets the standards stipulated in Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. Wastewater utilization encompasses green open space irrigation (23.97 m³/day) and toilet/urinal flushing (38.19 m³/day), achieving a utilization efficiency of 99.86%. Results demonstrate that treated wastewater can effectively substitute fresh water for non-potable uses, thereby promoting sustainable water resource management and reducing fresh water dependency in hotel operations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tiyan Ihlashulamal, Okik Hendriyanto Cahyonugroho (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Implementation of Project Management Learning Using Trello in an Independent Study Program at VINIX Indonesia
The Independent Study program is designed to enhance students’ practical competencies through project-based learning aligned with industry needs. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Project Management learning in the Independent Study program conducted by VINIX Indonesia. The learning process emphasizes practical project planning, task organization, scheduling, and monitoring using digital project management tools, particularly Trello. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach by observing learning activities, project documentation, and personal reflections during the program. The results show that the use of Trello supports effective task management, improves project organization, and enhances students’ understanding of project management concepts. The project-based learning approach also strengthens students’ problem-solving skills, teamwork, and readiness for professional work environments. Therefore, the Independent Study program at VINIX Indonesia can be considered an effective learning model for developing project management competencies in higher education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alyana Isti Hasnani, Sinta Dewi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Evaluasi Proses Pengelolaan, Pengurangan, dan Pemanfaatan Limbah B3 pada Industri Amonia PT Kaltim Parna Industri
This study aims to evaluate the performance of hazardous and toxic (B3) waste management, reduction, and utilization at PT Kaltim Parna Industri, an ammonia-producing industry, in relation to applicable regulatory requirements. The evaluation focuses on eight types of B3 waste generated in 2024 and covers waste identification and balance, packaging, hazard communication through symbols and labels, the design and facilities of the temporary storage facility (TPS), storage practices, and waste reduction and utilization efforts. A quantitative descriptive approach was applied using a checklist instrument and Guttman-scale scoring to compare existing conditions with the technical criteria stipulated in the regulations. The results indicate very high compliance in technical aspects, with the TPS building and storage system achieving 100% compliance and the implementation of symbols and labels also achieving 100%, while the packaging aspect reached 88.8%; however, minor gaps remain in the consistency of applying symbols and labels to each individual package. These findings suggest that the B3 waste management system at the studied facility is generally effective, yet it still requires strengthening in documentation and the standardization of field practices, and the evaluation framework can be applied to similar industries for periodic performance reviews and for reinforcing environmental management systems.
Copyright (c) 2026 Pretty Sartika Sihombing, Nurvita Cundaningsih (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Variasi Konsentrasi Air Limbah Cucian Laundry dalam Menentukan Range Finding Test
Laundry wastewater contains phosphates, detergents and bleaching agents which are harmful to the environment if not treated first. Phytoremediation is an environmentally friendly technology that uses plants to treat wastewater, including laundry wastewater. One such plant is Eichhornia crassipes, also known as water hyacinth. Prior to phytoremediation, acclimatisation and Range Finding Tests (RFTs) were conducted to determine the tolerance limits of the water hyacinth to laundry wastewater concentrations. Acclimatisation took place over 7 days, during which time RFT tests were conducted with wastewater concentration variations of 0%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 100%. Additionally, wet and dry weight measurements were carried out after the RFT tests. During acclimatisation, the water hyacinth plants thrived in the fresh conditions, producing new shoots and fibrous roots. The RFT tests showed that the optimal wastewater concentration was 30 mg/L, as evidenced by green leaves and healthy roots. The greatest decreases in wet weight of the roots and leaves (amounting to 29.99 g and 38.95 g respectively) occurred at a concentration of 0 mg/L. The greatest decrease in wet weight of the stems (76 g) occurred at a concentration of 50 mg/L. Wet and dry weight measurements were conducted to determine the absorbed water content. Therefore, water hyacinth plants can serve as phytoremediators in further liquid waste treatment processes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lina Hanarisanty, Roselyn Indah Kurniati, Arini Wulan Sari, Ferdy Ashari Syawal (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Penentuan Prioritas Penanganan Genangan di Kecamatan Lembursitu, Kota Sukabumi
Lembursitu Subdistrict is one of the areas in Sukabumi City that often experiences flooding, especially during the high-intensity rainy season. This study aims to determine the priority of flood management in six affected locations spread across four villages. Priority assessment was carried out using a weighting method based on six parameters listed in the Minister of Public Works Regulation No. 12 of 2014, namely flood height, flood area, flood duration, flood frequency, economic losses, social and government facility disruptions, transportation losses and disruptions, housing losses, and private property losses. The research data was obtained through field surveys, community interviews, and secondary data from relevant agencies in Sukabumi City. The weighting results showed that the location with the highest priority for handling was L6 (Jl Raya Palabuhan II) with a score of 297.5, followed by L5 (Jl Merdeka) and L1 (Jl Merdeka). These three locations have a major impact on social, economic, transportation, and public service facility activities. These findings provide a basis for local governments to determine more effective flood management strategies, particularly through increasing drainage capacity, channel normalization, and the implementation of a sustainable eco-drainage-based flood control system.
Sukabumi, puddles waterlogging, priority handling, priority point
Copyright (c) 2026 Anggia Bagya Trirahmani, Eka Wardhani, Didin Agustian Permadi, Etih Hartati (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Perencanaan Ulang Sistem Drainase Menggunakan SWMM 5.2 di Kecamatan Bojongloa Kidul, Kota Bandung
Bojongloa Kidul District is a low-lying area crossed by a river, making it prone to flooding. Flooding occurs due to rainwater overflowing drainage channels that cannot be accommodated by the Citepus River. The purpose of this plan is to redesign the drainage system in Bojongloa Kidul Subdistrict and provide solutions and recommendations for flooding and waterlogging problems using the SWMM 5.2 application. The planning was carried out in Cibaduyut Kidul and Cibaduyut Wetan villages as priority areas for flood management based on the scoring results of the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing Regulation No. 12 of 2014 concerning The Implementation Of Urban Drainage Infrastructure. Based on the evaluation results, there are problematic channel segments on Jalan Terusan Cibaduyut -Cibaduyut Tunnel, namely flooding at junctions J19, J23, J29, and J30 which are marked in red in the SWMM 5.2 simulation, thus affecting the entire route to outlet 2, outlet 3, outlet 4, outlet 6, and outfall 2, with a runoff flow rate of 21.73 m³/s. Channel dimension improvements were carried out by increasing the channel depth to ensure sufficient capacity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Zeihan Niswanurrahim (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analisis Potensi Pemanfaatan Kualitas Air Hujan Untuk Penggunaan Non-potable Water di Kampus Universitas Andalas
The high demand water for sanitation purposes in Engineering Faculty, Andalas University, particularly for toilet flushing systems, has not been balanced by utilization of sustainable alternative water sources. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate feasibility of rainwater quality as non-potable water source planned for implementation in the buildings of Engineering Faculty, Andalas University. The feasibility assessment refers to Regulation of Health Minister of Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2023. Rainwater samples collected directly from building roof downpipes, with three repetitions at the same location. The parameters of pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and temperature were measured in situ using Lutron DO-5510 dissolved oxygen meter and portable pH meter, while turbidity, BOD, COD, TSS, and total coliform were analyzed at Environmental Engineering Department Laboratory of Andalas University using standard methods based on SNI 6989.57:2008 and US EPA Method 1699. The results indicate that pH, DO, temperature, BOD, COD, TSS, and turbidity comply with the established quality standards, whereas total coliform levels exceed the permissible limit. The presence of total coliform is presumably due to contamination from bird droppings on roof surfaces, particularly in areas surrounded by vegetation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ermaningsih, Ansiha Nur, Puti Sri Komala (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Maintenance dan Monitoring Mesin Produksi Berbasiskan Design Thinking Approach pada Perusahaan Busa Poliuretan
The rapid development of information technology in Indonesia has driven improvements in efficiency and effectiveness across various industrial sectors, including manufacturing. One of the major challenges frequently encountered in the manufacturing industry is unplanned downtime of production machines, which leads to decreased productivity and increased operational costs. at PT Anugrah Cemerlang Abadi, downtime management is still conducted manually, resulting in the unavailability of timely and accurate information regarding machine conditions. This study aims to design an information system for controlling unplanned downtime based on a Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) to support digital recording, real-time monitoring, and the management of machine and spare parts data. The research adopts the Design Thinking approach proposed consists of five stages: empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test. System evaluation was conducted using usability testing with the System Usability Scale (SUS) method involving 50 respondents. The results show that the system achieved a SUS score of 89.7, which falls into the Grade A category, is classified as Best Imaginable and Acceptable, and is positioned within the 80th–90th percentile. These findings indicate that the proposed information system demonstrates excellent usability and is suitable for supporting the control of unplanned downtime and enhancing production efficiency within the company.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rezayanti Novia Putrika Dewi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Penilaian Kinerja Pengelolaan Limbah B3 di PT. X
The management of hazardous and toxic waste requires compliance with technical requirements in order to prevent pollution and health hazards. This study was conducted to assess the level of compliance of B3 waste management at PT X through four main aspects, namely containment, sorting, facilities, and transportation, based on the provisions of the Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. 9 of 2024, Permen LHK No. 6 of 2021, Permenhub No. 60 of 2019, and Permen LHK No. 1 of 2021. The research methods included direct observation at the location, interviews with relevant personnel, documentation of field conditions, and assessment of indicators using the Guttman method to measure compliance with technical requirements. The results of the study show that the facility aspect has a high level of compliance, namely 100%, because the safety facilities for evacuation route, ventilation, and storage buildings have met the standards. The transportation aspect scored 85% with the fulfilment of permit documents and the use of authorized third parties, although improvements are still needed in the physical condition of vehicles and container labelling. The sorting aspect achieved 50% because it was not fully carried out based on hazard characteristics. Containment was the lowest aspect with a score of 30% due to the use of non-waterproof containers without hazard symbols. Overall, the compliance rate of 66.25% indicates the need for significant improvement in the initial stages of management to achieve safe, effective, and regulatory-compliant hazardous waste management.
Copyright (c) 2026 Gilberth Frankrin Sabandar, Nurvita Cundaningsih (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Production Optimization Analysis Based on Effective Working Hour of Mobile Crusher Unit 02: Case Study in PT Mifa Bersaudara, West Aceh
PT Mifa Bersaudara is a coal mining company located in Meureubo, West Aceh, Indonesia. This study evaluates and optimizes the Effective Working Hours (EWH) of Mobile Crusher 02 (MC02), one of the key units in the coal crushing process. The primary constraint identified is the inability to achieve production targets due to excessive downtime, particularly standby time and equipment breakdowns, which significantly reduce operational efficiency. A quantitative descriptive approach was applied using primary field observations and secondary production data from May to June 2025. The analysis focused on downtime components, effective working hours, and equipment availability based on Mechanical Availability (MA), Physical Availability (PA), Utilization of Availability (UA), and Effective Utilization (EU). Results indicate that MC02 operated for an average of only 7 effective working hours out of 10.05 available hours, reflecting an efficiency level of 69.65%. Standby time accounted for the largest portion of downtime at 141.86 hours. Following the implementation of operational improvements aimed at reducing delays, overall efficiency increased, and production rose from 128,505 tons to 168,864 tons, achieving 112% of the targeted output. These findings demonstrate that improving EWH has a direct and significant impact on crusher productivity and provides a foundation for future operational optimization in the coal processing system.
Copyright (c) 2026 Deea Rizki Oziana, Syafitri Amanda, Nurul Aflah, Pocut Nurul Alam, Nurul Kamal (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0