Delignifikasi Kulit Singkong Menggunakan Pelarut Alkali dengan Sonication Assisted

Diannita Tri Rachmawati; Marchelino Farhan Sayyaf; Lilik Suprianti

Authors

Diannita Tri Rachmawati Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur Author
Marchelino Farhan Sayyaf Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur Author
Lilik Suprianti Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur Author

Keywords:

kulit singkong, selulosa, lignin, delignifikasi, sonikasi

Abstract

Limbah kulit singkong mengandung selulosa yang berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai produk bernilai ekonomis seperti bioethanol guna bahan bakar terbarukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kadar selulosa dengan proses delignifikasi atau degradasi lignin pada kulit singkong menggunakan bantuan sonikasi dengan variasi daya sonikasi (0; 30; dan 60 watt) dan waktu delignifikasi (30; 50; dan 70 menit). Analisis kadar selulosa yang telah lepas dari lignin dilakukan dengan metode Chesson-Datta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar lignin tertinggi (24,954%) diperoleh pada daya sonikasi 60 watt dan waktu delignifikasi 30 menit, sedangkan kadar selulosa tertinggi (75,180%) diperoleh pada daya sonikasi 60 watt dan waktu delignifikasi 70 menit. Spektrum FTIR mengkonfirmasi adanya beberapa gugus yang dimiliki lignin (COOH, CH₂, dan CH₃) dimana mengindikasikan lignin masih banyak terbentuk pada daya sonikasi tersebut. Penampakan morfologi melalui uji SEM juga mengkonfirmasi adanya perubahan morfologi permukaan kulit singkong akibat penambahan sonikasi. Secara keseluruhan, kondisi optimum diperoleh pada daya sonikasi 60 watt dengan waktu delignifikasi 70 menit. Kadar selulosa yang tinggi berpotensi sebagai penghasil gula reduksi yang tinggi dan meningkatkan fermentasi bioethanol.

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