Analisis Kadar Nikel Berdasarkan Metode Preparasi (Matriks Dan Quartering)

Rifa Nur Muazzarah; Ismail  Marzuki

Authors

Rifa Nur Muazzarah Universitas Fajar Makassar Author
Ismail Marzuki Universitas Fajar Makassar Author

Keywords:

Matrix, quartering, sample preparation, nickel, ED-XRF

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi perbandingan efektivitas metode preparasi matriks dan quartering terhadap hasil analisis kadar nikel menggunakan instrumen Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (ED-XRF) Epsilon 4 Analytical. Analisis kadar nikel dengan metode XRF memerlukan preparasi sampel yang baik agar diperoleh sampel yang homogen dan representatif sehingga hasil pengujian lebih akurat dan konsisten. Sampel yang digunakan berupa wet ore nikel yang dipreparasi melalui tahapan preparasi basah, pengeringan, preparasi kering, pembuatan press pellet, dan pengujian menggunakan ED-XRF. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membandingkan metode matriks dan quartering pada proses reduksi dan pembagian sampel. Parameter yang diamati meliputi homogenitas sampel, representativitas, efisiensi waktu preparasi, serta kestabilan hasil analisis kadar nikel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode matriks menghasilkan sampel yang lebih homogen dan representatif dibandingkan metode quartering. Selain itu, metode matriks menghasilkan data kadar nikel yang lebih stabil dan konsisten serta memiliki efisiensi waktu preparasi yang lebih baik. Sementara itu, metode quartering menunjukkan variasi nilai yang lebih tinggi akibat potensi segregasi partikel dan ketergantungan pada keterampilan operator. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, metode matriks lebih direkomendasikan dalam preparasi sampel untuk analisis kadar nikel menggunakan ED-XRF karena mampu menghasilkan data yang lebih akurat, presisi, dan representatif.

References

[1] M. A. Faiz, S. Sufriadin, and S. Widodo, “Analisis Perbandingan Kadar Bijih Nikel Laterit Antara Data Bor dan Produksi Penambangan: Implikasinya Terhadap Pengolahan Bijih Pada Blok X, PT. Vale Indonesia, Tbk. Sorowako,” J. Penelit. Enj., vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 93–99, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.25042/jpe.052020.13.

[2] J. E. A. F. Fatubun and Y. G. Pangkung, “Analysis On Sampling And Sample Preparation Based On Nickel Content Test Results, Pt. Haltim Mining, East Halmahera Regency, North Maluku Province,” INTAN J. Penelit. Tambang, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 44–52, Feb. 2022, doi: 10.56139/intan.v1i1.10.

[3] F. F. Pitard and F. F. Pitard, Theory of Sampling and Sampling Practice, Third Edition. Third edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2019. | Revised edition of: Pierre Gy’s sampling theory and: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2019. doi: 10.1201/9781351105934.

[4] P. Gy, Sampling for Analytical Purposes. Chichester, U.K: John Wiley & Sons.

[5] Japanese Industrial Standards Association, JIS M 8109:1996, Garnierite Nickel Ores—Methods for Sampling, Sample Preparation and Determination of Moisture Content. Tokyo, Japan: Japanese Standards Association, 1996.

[6] A. Wählisch et al., “Interlaboratory comparison of XRF analysis on thin films, including alloys, oxides, multilayers, and a lithium-ion battery material,” J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2026, doi: 10.1039/D5JA00460H.

[7] Y. Sari et al., “Nickel recovery in ferronickel concentrate by green selective reduction of nickel laterite,” Eng. Sci. Technol. an Int. J., vol. 57, p. 101798, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.jestch.2024.101798.

[8] V. Laperche and B. Lemière, “Possible Pitfalls in the Analysis of Minerals and Loose Materials by Portable XRF, and How to Overcome Them,” Minerals, vol. 11, no. 1, p. 33, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.3390/min11010033.

[9] V. Laperche, C. Metayer, J. Gaschaud, P. Wavrer, and T. Quiniou, “On the Influence and Correction of Water Content on pXRF Analysis of Lateritic Nickel Ore Deposits in the Context of Open Pit Mines of New-Caledonia,” Minerals, vol. 12, no. 4, p. 415, Mar. 2022, doi: 10.3390/min12040415.

[10] Y. Sari, A. Manaf, W. Astuti, T. Haryono, F. Nurjaman, and F. Bahfie, “Recovery of ferronickel by green selective reduction of nickel laterite,” IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci., vol. 1388, no. 1, p. 012026, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1388/1/012026.

[11] V. A. Setyowati and F. Abdul, “Machine learning approach for revealing the nickel grade and recovery optimization in reduction process of laterite ores,” Case Stud. Chem. Environ. Eng., vol. 11, p. 101068, Jun. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.cscee.2024.101068.

[12] B. Maestracci, S. Delchini, D. Chateigner, H. Pilliere, L. Lutterotti, and E. Borovin, “Simultaneous combined XRF-XRD analysis of geological sample: New methodological approach for on-site analysis on New-Caledonian Ni-rich harzburgite,” J. Geochemical Explor., vol. 252, p. 107250, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.gexplo.2023.107250.

[13] O. Astikainen et al., “Industrial Deportment of Minor and Trace Elements in Direct Nickel Matte Smelting,” JOM, vol. 76, no. 9, pp. 5445–5458, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.1007/s11837-024-06739-4.

[14] U. König, “Nickel Laterites—Mineralogical Monitoring for Grade Definition and Process Optimization,” Minerals, vol. 11, no. 11, p. 1178, Oct. 2021, doi: 10.3390/min11111178.

[15] A. Eljoudiani et al., “Technological Characterization of Cobalt and Nickel Ores from Greece for Metal Recovery,” Separations, vol. 11, no. 12, p. 345, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.3390/separations11120345.

[16] Z. Zulhan et al., “Municipal Solid Waste as a Potential Reducing Agent for Substituting Coal in Ferronickel Production,” J. Sustain. Metall., vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 1572–1579, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.1007/s40831-024-00884-5.

[17] Q. Sun et al., “Efficient Synchronous Extraction of Nickel, Copper, and Cobalt from Low–Nickel Matte by Sulfation Roasting‒Water Leaching Process,” Sci. Rep., vol. 10, no. 1, p. 9916, Jun. 2020, doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-66894-x.

[18] P. P. M. Ribeiro, L. C. M. de Souza, R. Neumann, I. D. dos Santos, and A. J. B. Dutra, “Nickel and cobalt losses from laterite ore after the sulfation-roasting-leaching processing,” J. Mater. Res. Technol., vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 12404–12415, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.08.082.

[19] W. Astuti et al., “Atmospheric Leaching Behavior and Kinetics of Nickel and Cobalt from Halmahera Limonite Ore,” Int. J. Technol., vol. 15, no. 4, p. 824, Jul. 2024, doi: 10.14716/ijtech.v15i4.5607.

[20] E. Urtnasan, S. B. Heo, J. W. Yu, C. H. Jung, and J. P. Wang, “Relationship Between Thermodynamic Modeling and Experimental Process for Optimization Ferro-Nickel Smelting,” Minerals, vol. 15, no. 2, 2025, doi: 10.3390/min15020101.

[21] E. Urtnasan, C.-H. Jung, and J.-P. Wang, “The Correlation of Thermodynamic Modelling and Experimental Methods in the Production of Nickel Matte from Saprolite Nickel Ore via CaS,” Metals (Basel)., vol. 16, no. 1, p. 119, Jan. 2026, doi: 10.3390/met16010119.

[22] F. Y. P. Tyassena, Y. Sari, and A. A. I. S. Yusuf, “Pengaruh Ukuran Partikel Terhadap %Recovery Pada Proses Leaching Bijih Nikel Laterit Asal Pulau Kabaena Sulawesi Tenggara,” Pros. Semin. Nas. Teknol. Ind. IX, vol. 1, pp. 151–154, 2022, [Online]. Available: https://journal.atim.ac.id/index.php/prosiding/article/view/314

[23] U. Herlina, S. Sudibyo, E. Prasetyo, D. Lesmana, and S. E. Gestya, “Pengaruh pH, Waktu,Nisbah Volume Organik Dan Aqueos (O/A) Terhadap Proses Pemisahan Kobalt Dari Slag Nickel Pig Iron (NPI),” J. Ris. Teknol. Ind., vol. 15, no. 2, p. 438, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.26578/jrti.v15i2.7054.

[24] R. López-Núñez, M. A. Bello-López, M. Santana-Sosa, C. Bellido-Través, and P. Burgos-Doménech, “Effect of Particle Size on Compost Analysis by Portable X-ray Fluorescence,” Appl. Sci., vol. 12, no. 22, p. 11579, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.3390/app122211579.