Implementasi Sistem Monitoring Kelembapan  Tanah Berbasis Internet Of Things

Alwin Okta; Firmansyah

Authors

Alwin Okta Universitas Negeri Islam Ar-raniry Author
Firmansyah Universitas Negeri Islam Ar-raniry Author

Keywords:

internet of things, soil moisture, capacitive sensor, resistive sensor, esp32

Abstract

Soil moisture monitoring is a crucial factor in precision agriculture, yet conventional methods often lack accuracy and efficiency. This research aims to design, implement, and evaluate an Internet of Things (IoT)-based soil moisture monitoring system with a focus on a comparative performance analysis of three different sensor types: the Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor v1.2, the Soil Moisture Sensor FC-28 (resistive), and the Waterproof & Anti-Rust Sensor. The system was developed using an ESP32 microcontroller and the ThingSpeak platform for real-time data visualization. Tests were conducted on chili, tomato, and eggplant planting media, with data from each sensor validated against a digital soil tester as a ground truth instrument. Accuracy performance was quantitatively evaluated using the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) methods. The results demonstrate that the Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor v1.2 provides the highest and most stable accuracy, recording the lowest error rates (MAE 6.4%; MAPE 7%). Conversely, the Soil Moisture Sensor FC-28 showed moderate performance with low stability, while the Waterproof & Anti-Rust Sensor exhibited the highest error rates (MAPE up to 46%). This study concludes that capacitive-based sensors are significantly superior and are recommended for implementing reliable and accurate IoT monitoring systems.

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