Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Material Komposit Si-Na-C Berbasis Batu Bara dan Dicalite Diatomite melalui Metode Sol-Gel

Bilgis Laily Pratama Putri

Authors

Bilgis Laily Pratama Putri Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur Author

Keywords:

batu bara, dicalite diatomite, komposit, si-na-c, sol–gel

Abstract

Pemanfaatan batu bara sebagai sumber energi konvensional menimbulkan permasalahan lingkungan akibat emisi karbon dan limbah padat, sehingga diperlukan pendekatan alternatif yang lebih berkelanjutan dan bernilai tambah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mensintesis material komposit silika natrium karbon (Si-Na-C) berbasis batu bara dan dicalite diatomite melalui metode sol-gel serta mengevaluasi pengaruh rasio prekursor (1:1; 1:3; 1:5) dan pH asidifikasi (4; 6; 8) terhadap karakteristik material. Silika dan karbon diekstraksi menggunakan larutan NaOH, kemudian dicampur, digelasi, dikeringkan, dan dikalsinasi pada 450 °C. Karakterisasi dilakukan menggunakan XRF, XRD, SEM-EDX, dan FTIR. Hasil XRF menunjukkan dominasi unsur Si (66-85%), Na (3,5-5,6%), dan C (6-20%) dengan kecenderungan peningkatan kandungan silika seiring bertambahnya fraksi dicalite, sementara karbon menurun secara linier. Pola XRD mengindikasikan struktur silika amorf dengan jejak grafit semi-kristalin. Analisis SEM memperlihatkan morfologi yang lebih homogen pada rasio menengah, sedangkan FTIR mengonfirmasi pembentukan ikatan Si-O-Si dan Na-O-Si. Kondisi pH 6 menghasilkan distribusi unsur dan struktur paling stabil. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pengendalian rasio dan pH berperan penting dalam optimasi struktur dan sifat komposit Si–Na–C berbasis dari sumber daya alam.

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