Comparative Study of Biggest Log Modulus and Direct  Synthesis Tuning Methods for Multiloop PI Controllers  in a Distillation System

Mukhlishien; Azwar; Hisbullah

Authors

Mukhlishien Universitas Syiah Kuala Author
Azwar Universitas Syiah Kuala Author
Hisbullah Universitas Syiah Kuala Author

Keywords:

multivariable system, tuning, biggest log modulus, direct synthesis, pi controller, distillation system

Abstract

Most chemical processes exhibit multivariable characteristics with complex interactions between control loops; therefore, this study evaluates the performance of the Biggest Log Modulus (BLT) and Direct Synthesis (DS) tuning methods on multiloop Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers within a binary distillation system to determine optimal tuning parameters. Through simulations of the set point tracking scenario (Y₁), the DS method proved superior, yielding an Integral Absolute Error (IAE) of 10.32 (compared to 37.18 for BLT) and settling times of 119 seconds for Y₁ and 111 seconds for Y₂. Similarly, in disturbance rejection, the DS method demonstrated a more responsive performance with an IAE of 3.392 and settling times of 71 seconds for Y₁ and 52 seconds for Y₂, confirming that fine-tuning techniques are crucial for minimizing overshoot and maintaining overall system stability. The advantage of the DS method in dampening oscillations provides higher operational certainty for distillation columns, which are highly sensitive to thermal fluctuations and sudden changes in feed composition. Implementing precise parameters through this approach is expected to reduce operational costs resulting from energy waste during control transitions. The results of this research provide a significant contribution to the development of adaptive control strategies in the dynamic chemical process industry in selecting the most effective tuning method to achieve maximum efficiency, workplace safety, and optimal long-term operational stability.

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