Pembuatan Alkid Resin Dari Gliserol Minyak Kelapa Sawit Dengan Metode Polikondensasi Dengan Variasi Katalis Asam Fosfat

Karisma Ramadhan; Martha  Aznury; Robert Junaidi

Authors

Karisma Ramadhan Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya Author
Martha Aznury Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya Author
Robert Junaidi Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya Author

Keywords:

Alkid Resin, Asam Fosfat, Gliserol, Polikondensasi, FTIR

Abstract

This study aims to synthesize alkyd resin using glycerol, a by-product of biodiesel production, and adipic acid through a polycondensation method. The synthesis process is carried out using an atmospheric distillation apparatus to remove water as a by-product, thereby enabling a more efficient esterification reaction. The study also evaluated the effect of reaction temperature (150°C) and phosphoric acid catalyst concentration (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% v/v) on resin characteristics, particularly viscosity and acid number. The results showed that increasing the reaction temperature and catalyst concentration had a significant effect on resin viscosity. The highest viscosity of 3182.18 Cp was obtained at a temperature of 150°C with a 6% catalyst. Conversely, the acid number decreased with increasing temperature and catalyst, with the lowest value of 9.8 mg KOH/g at a temperature of 150°C and an 8% catalyst. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of ester (C=O), hydroxyl (–OH), and carbonyl groups, indicating the success of the esterification process. Overall, the combination of glycerol and adipic acid with phosphoric acid catalyst successfully produced alkyd resin that meets quality standards and has the potential to be used as a base material for anti-corrosion paint in accordance with SNI 8882:2020.

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