Tinjauan Faktor Lingkungan Pada Lahan Pegunungan Terhadap Kekuatan Konstruksi Bangunan

Armia; Romaynoor Ismy; Cut Azizah

Authors

Armia Universitas Almuslim Author
Romaynoor Ismy Universitas Almuslim Author
Cut Azizah Universitas Almuslim Author

Keywords:

faktor lingkungan, lahan pegunungan, kekuatan konstruksi, geoteknik, stabilitas lereng

Abstract

Pembangunan konstruksi bangunan di wilayah pegunungan menghadapi tantangan yang lebih kompleks dibandingkan wilayah datar maupun perbukitan akibat karakteristik lingkungan yang berbeda. Kondisi topografi yang curam, material tanah hasil pelapukan batuan induk, curah hujan yang tinggi, suhu yang relatif rendah, serta variasi muka air tanah menjadi faktor utama yang memengaruhi stabilitas pondasi, daya dukung tanah, dan keamanan struktur bangunan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau faktor-faktor lingkungan pada lahan pegunungan yang berpengaruh terhadap kekuatan konstruksi bangunan serta mengidentifikasi upaya teknis yang diperlukan untuk meminimalkan risiko kegagalan konstruksi. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka melalui penelusuran literatur pada basis data ilmiah seperti Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect, dan SpringerLink. Literatur yang digunakan merupakan publikasi tahun 2020–2025 yang relevan dengan geoteknik, geologi teknik, hidrologi, dan rekayasa konstruksi. Dari hasil penelusuran diperoleh 68 dokumen, kemudian diseleksi berdasarkan relevansi, kualitas publikasi, dan kesesuaian topik sehingga diperoleh 28 referensi yang dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor material tanah, kondisi cuaca, dan muka air tanah merupakan faktor dominan yang menentukan kekuatan konstruksi bangunan pada lahan pegunungan. Selain itu, kemiringan lereng dan kondisi geologi berperan dalam meningkatkan potensi deformasi tanah, erosi, serta longsor yang dapat mengurangi stabilitas struktur.

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