Etnomatematika dalam Seni Geometri Islam: Integrasi Pola Ornamen pada Rancang Bangun Arsitektur Mesjid Taqwa Lhong Raya Banda Aceh

Teuku Ivan; Masdar Djamaludin; Mirza; Husnus Sawab; Safwan

Authors

Teuku Ivan Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Syiah Kuala Author
Masdar Djamaludin Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Syiah Kuala Author
Mirza Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Syiah Kuala Author
Husnus Sawab Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Syiah Kuala Author
Safwan Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Syiah Kuala Author

Keywords:

ethnomathematics, ornament, geometry, symmetry, proportion, mosque, symbol, aesthetics

Abstract

The Masjid Taqwa Lhong Raya mosque in Banda Aceh is an architectural masterpiece of Islamic design. Not only is it a place of worship, it also showcases a rich blend of art and mathematical symbolism. Situated on Jalan Sultan Malikul Saleh, the mosque's beauty lies in the ornamentation of its façade and the interior design, which harmoniously integrate elements of art, geometry, and Islamic architecture. This study uses a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods, to analyse the concept of ethnomathematics in the ornamentation of Masjid Taqwa Lhong Raya. Data were collected through interviews, literature reviews, and direct observation. The findings reveal that mathematical elements such as symmetry, proportion and geometric shapes, including triangles, circles and cubes, are applied harmoniously in the mosque's structure and ornamentation. These elements possess aesthetic and functional value, as well as containing symbolic meanings that reflect a fusion of local Acehnese culture and Middle Eastern influences. These findings make a significant contribution to interdisciplinary learning, particularly in architecture and mathematics.

References

[1] Purniati, T., & Suhaedi, D. (2020, April). Ethnomathematics: Exploration of a mosque building and its ornaments. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1521, No. 3, p. 032042). IOP Publishing.

[2] Pradhan, J. B. (2017). Mathematical ideas in Chundara culture: Unfolding a Nepalese teaching and learning system. In Ethnomathematics and its diverse approaches for mathematics education (pp. 125-152). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

[3] Putra, A. P. (2022). Peran etnomatematika dalam konsep dasar pembelajaran matematika. Intersections: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Dan Matematika, 7(2), 49-58.

[4] Taqiuddin, Z., & Yuzni, S. Z. (2024). Etnomatematika dalam Perancangan Arsitektur Masjid: Integrasi Seni Geometri Islami Dalam Arsitektur Mesjid Harun Keuchik Leumik Banda Aceh. Jurnal Serambi Engineering, 9(2).

[5] Chrissanti, M. I. (2018). Etnomatematika sebagai salah satu upaya penguatan kearifan lokal dalam pembelajaran matematika. Math Didactic: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 4, 243-252.

[6] M Dunajski, “Geometry: A very short introduction”, Oxford University Press, 2022

[7] AL-Arifi, T. M. N. (2023). Decorative aesthetic aspects and their use in Islamic architecture. Al-Academy, (107), 77-92.

[8] Samir, H., Amir, G., Hamza, J., & Alshoaibi, L. (2023). Pattern and Form Language as Constituents of the Mosque Architecture. In Mosque Architecture: A Transdisciplinary Debate (pp. 167-181). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

[9] N. Ismail, FN. Hamdan ," Islamic Geometric Pattern Design Of State Mosque In Malaysia " , 8th UPI-UPSI International Conference 2018 (UPI-UPSI 2018), 2019 atlantis-press.com

[10] Lin, R., & Kaplan, C. S. (2023). Freeform Islamic Geometric Patterns. arXiv preprint arXiv:2301.01471.

[11] P Cromwell, (2021), “Looking at Islamic Patterns II: Making Sense of Geometry”. psyarxiv.com http://girih.wordpress.com

[12] Takva, Ç., & Takva, Y. (2023). Geometric design in Islamic architecture: Examination of tessellation configurations in mosques. Journal of History Culture and Art Research, 12(2), 1-20.

[13] Refalian, G., Coloma, E., & Moya, J. (2023). From Sacred Traditions to Digital Syntax: Navigating Formal Grammar's Role in Modelling Contemporary Islamic Geometric Patterns. In SIGraDi 2023: Accelerated landscapes: XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (pp. 1000-1011). Blucher Publishers.

[14] Aoulalay, A., El Mhouti, A., & Massar, M. (2022, March). Classification of Islamic geometric patterns based on machine learning techniques. In 2022 2nd international conference on innovative research in applied science, engineering and technology (IRASET) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

[15] Azizpour Shoubi, A., Nazarzadeh Ansaroudi, F., Nazarzadeh Ansaroudi, E., & Faghih Dinevari, N. (2023). Designing deformable Girehs based on historical authenticity. International Journal of Space Structures, 38(4), 233-246.

[16] Ibrahim, I., Al Shomely, K., & Eltarabishi, F. (2023). Sustainability Implications of Utilizing Islamic Geometric Patterns in Contemporary Designs, a Systematic Analysis. Buildings, 13(10), 2434.

[17] Moradzadeh, S., & Ebrahimi, A. N. (2020). 3D Aperiodic Girih Tiles. In Bridges 2020 Conference Proceedings (pp. 35-40). Tessellations Publishing

[18] Baerlecken, D., & Riether, G. (2009, November). From texture to volume an investigation in quasi-crystalline systems. In SIGraDi 2009: Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics. SIGraDi. Sao Paulo, Brazil (pp. 89-91).

[19] Miftahurrahmi, M., Pratiwi, I. O., Huda, F., & Habibi, M. (2024). Ethnomathematics exploration in the traditional art of randai Minangkabau. Kalamatika: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 9(1), 99-120

[20] Baclig, M. M., Westover, L., & Adeeb, S. (2019). Categorizing three-dimensional symmetry using reflection, rotoinversion, and translation symmetry. Symmetry, 11(9), 1132.