Design of a Rice Drying System Prototype Based on PLC Simatic S7-1200

Mochammad Machmud Rifadil; Suryono; Ferry Astika Saputra; Achmad Akhdanizar Rafli

Authors

Mochammad Machmud Rifadil Politeknik Elektronika Negeri Surabaya Author https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9212-9095
Suryono Politeknik Elektronika Negeri Surabaya Author
Ferry Astika Saputra Politeknik Elektronika Negeri Surabaya Author
Achmad Akhdanizar Rafli Politeknik Elektronika Negeri Surabaya Author

Keywords:

rice dryer, rice moisture content, PLC, TIA PORTAL

Abstract

Rice drying in Indonesia generally still uses conventional methods by utilizing sunlight. However, weather changes often become obstacles, hampering the drying process. This research designed an automatic rice dryer based on PLC that uses PLN electricity as a power source and a heater as the heating element. The system is equipped with a sensor to monitor the moisture content of the rice so that the heater automatically turns off when the rice is dry. A DC motor is used as a drive to move the rice during the drying process. PLC programming is carried out using TIA Portal software with ladder diagram language. Based on testing for 33 minutes, the drying temperature increased from 30.7°C to 33.29°C, while the moisture content of the rice decreased from 21.20% to 13.54%, and the rice weight decreased from 1000g to 919g. These results indicate that the PLC-based drying system can control the rice drying process in a stable and effective manner. This tool is expected to be widely implemented on an agricultural scale to improve rice quality efficiently and reduce dependence on unpredictable weather conditions.

References

[1] M. Kamal, R. Irawan, and H. Muchdatul Ayunda, “Analisis Nilai Tambah dan Rantai Pasok Gabah di Kecamatan Glumpang Tiga Kabupaten Pidie Provinsi Aceh,” J. Serambi Eng., vol. 9, no. 1, 2023, doi: 10.32672/jse.v9i1.660.

[2] Kusumawardani, Dyah, et al. "Rancang bangun alat pengering gabah berbasis arduino uno." Intro: Journal Informatika dan Teknik Elektro 2.1 (2023): 43-47.

[3] H. Herdiyanti, Eko Sulistyono, and Purwono, “Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Beberapa Varietas Padi (Oryza sativa L.) pada Berbagai Interval Irigasi,” J. Agron. Indones. (Indonesian J. Agron., vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 129–135, 2021, doi: 10.24831/jai.v49i2.36558.

[4] Direktorat Statistik Tanaman Pangan Hortikultura dan Perkebunan, “Luas Panen dan Produksi Padi Di Indonesia 2024 (Angka Tetap),” Badan Pus. Stat., vol. 8, no. 15, p. 52, 2025, [Online]. Available: https://www.bps.go.id

[5] Intifada, Dafa, Reza Setiawan, and Iman Dirja. "Analisis Kekuatan Rangka Mesin Padi Menggunakan Software Solidwork 2022." Jurnal Serambi Engineering 9.3 (2024): 9810-9818.

[6] Marlina, Winny Alna, and Fani Ramadhani. "Pengukuran Kerja di UMKM Penggilingan Padi di Payakumbuh dengan Metode Studi Waktu." Jurnal Serambi Engineering 9.2 (2024): 8699-8708.

[7] M. N. Z. Abdillah, R. Aristio, and I. Utami, “Pembuatan Biobriket Kulit Kakao dan Sekam Padi dengan Perekat Gondorukem yang dilarutkan dengan Ethanol,” J. Serambi Eng., vol. IX, no. 4, pp. 5–8, 2024.

[8] D. D. Balqis, T., Ratna., “Kajian Karakteristik Mutu Gabah Selama Penyimpanan Menggunakan In-Store Dryer ( ISD ) ( Study of Quality Characteristics of Paddy Grain During Storage Using In-Store Dryer ( ISD ).,” J. Ilm. Mhs. Pertan., vol. 6, pp. 184–191, 2021.

[9] D. Nurdin and A. Solehudin, “Perancangan Mesin Pengering Padi dengan Sistem Rotary,” Rekayasa Ind. dan Mesin, vol. 4, no. 2, p. 85, 2023, doi: 10.32897/retims.2023.4.2.1992.

[10] A. Nurwidah, A. Asni, and A. Haq, “Evaluasi Kadar Air Gabah,” JASATHP J. Sains dan Teknol. Has. Pertan., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 41–45, 2021, doi: 10.55678/jasathp.v1i2.548.

[11] A. Fahruzi and R. Rhamdany, “Rancang Bangun Prototype Mesin Pengering Gabah Otomatis Menggunakan Metode PID sebagai Kendali Temperatur,” J. Inf., vol. 5, no. 2, p. 80, 2020, doi: 10.25139/inform.v0i1.2720.

[12] T. Ihsan and V. Derosya, “Adaptasi Pertanian dalam Menghadapi Perubahan Iklim: Peluang Dan Tantangan,” J. Serambi Eng., vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 10946–10953, 2024.

[13] Fajerin, A. B. Mulyadi, M. E. Hidayat, and Ishak, “Rancang Bangun Prototipe Penghasil Udara Panas pada Alat Pengering Gabah Berbasis PLC,” Maple, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 42–47, 2022.

[14] Wagola, Nur Istiqamah, Johan Riry, and E. G. Tetelepta. "Peran Penyuluh Pertanian Terhadap Produktivitas Padi Sawah Di Desa Waimital Kecamatan Kairatu Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat." Jurnal Geografi, Lingkungan dan Kesehatan 1.2 (2023): 104-115.

[15] S. Abdussamad, S. A. Hulukati, and A. Husain, “Otomatisasi Pengering Padi Berbasis Arduino Uno,” J. Electr., vol. 11, no. 01, pp. 13–19, 2022, doi: 10.37195/electrichsan.v11i01.84.

[16] Rais, Yulianti Putri Syaharani, Ahsan Ahmad Mufli, Elviralita Yoan, and Hidayat Muhammad Edy, “Rancang Bangun Prototipe Oven Pengering Gabah Berbasis Iot,” J. MAPLE, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 37–41, 2022.

[17] A. A. Amini, P. Siagian, and S. Aryza, “Rancang Bangun Mesin Pengiris dan Penggoreng Umbi-Umbian Berbasis Mikrokontroler Atmega 8535,” J. Serambi …, vol. IX, no. 1, pp. 8399–8407, 2024, [Online]. Available: http://jurnal.serambimekkah.ac.id/index.php/jse/article/view/1223%0Ahttps://jurnal.serambimekkah.ac.id/index.php/jse/article/download/1223/922

[18] T. R. Ardhana and R. P. Sari, “Penerapan Pengendalian Proses Inventori Kontrol pada Area Top Board,” J. Ilm. Wahana Pendidik., vol. X, no. 1, 2024, [Online]. Available: http://www.jurnal.peneliti.net/index.php/JIWP/article/view/9536%0Ahttps://www.jurnal.peneliti.net/index.php/JIWP/article/download/9536/6056

[19] C. Rusmina, Mawardi, M. Bakri, Susanti, Radhiana, and C. A. Surayya, “Meningkatkan Daya Saing UMKM melalui Penerapan Just-in-Time dan Teknologi Sederhana,” J. Serambi Eng., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 12548–12555, 2025.

[20] Sehr, Martin A., et al. "Programmable logic controllers in the context of industry 4.0." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 17.5 (2020): 3523-3533.

[21] Siemens, “S7- 1200 Programmable controller S7-1200 Programmable controller,” Syst. Man., 2012.

[22] M. Mahdi, S. Sufitrayati, S. Yana, R. Nengsih, F. Hanum, and S. Susanti, “Keuntungan Bio-Ekonomi dan Lingkungan dari Energi Terbarukan: Tinjauan Komprehensif terhadap Praktik Terbaik,” J. serambi Eng., vol. IX, no. 2, pp. 9127–9136, 2024

[23] [Kementan] Kementerian Pertanian, Statistik Pertanian Tahun 2021. 2022.

[24] N. Syamsuddin, Nelly, Susanti, Radhiana, Fitriliana, and Marliana, “Strategi Mengintegrasikan Energi Terbarukan, Inovasi Teknologi, dan Konservasi Hutan Sebagai Pembangunan Berkelanjutan di Indonesia,” J. Serambi Eng., vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 9421–9429, 2024.

[25] M. Ferdiansyah, L. Mariya, and ..., “Desain Solusi Otomasi Dan Energi Terbarukan Peternakan Ayam Pintar di Sukadana Lampung Timur,” J. Serambi …, vol. X, no. 1, pp. 11499–11505, 2025,

[26] Jumali and A. Guswara, “Mutu Fisik Gabah Dan BerasBeberapa Varietas Unggul Baru (Vub) PadiProduktivitas Tinggi Rakitan Bb Padi,” Balai Penelit. Tanam. Padi Sukamandi, pp. 371–381, 2015.

[27] M. Huda, “Analisis Konsumsi Energi Listrik Pada Motor Induksi Di Instalasi Pengolahan Air Produksi II Perusahaan Umum Daerah Air Minum (Perumda) Kota Semarang,” Energi & Kelistrikan, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 104–110, 2021, doi: 10.33322/energi.v13i2.1292.

[28] P. Slamet, “Perancangan Alat Pengering Gabah Berbasis PLC,” El Sains J. Elektro, vol. 1, no. 1, 2019, doi: 10.30996/elsains.v1i1.1860.

[29] Salkić, Almedin, Haris Muhović, and Dejan Jokić. "Siemens S7-1200 PLC DC Motor control capabilities." IFAC-PapersOnLine 55.4 (2022): 103-108.

[30] Kementerian ESDM, “Peraturan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Republik Indonesia Nomor 7 Tahun 2024 Tentang Tarif Tenaga Listrik Yang Disediakan Oleh PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara (Persero),” Kementeri. Energi dan Sumber Daya Miner. Republik Indones., no. 3, p. 22, 2024.