The Repercussions of Integrating Magnetite into Magnetorheological Elastomers to Diminish Vibration

Gigih Priyandoko

Authors

Gigih Priyandoko Universitas Widya Gama Malang Author

Keywords:

nanoparticle, magnetite materials, magnetorheological elastomers, vibration

Abstract

Vibration damping is a very important part of engineering systems. If vibrations are too strong, they can make things vibrate more, wear out materials, reduce how well things work, and make structures fail too soon. This is especially true for vibrations that are low to medium in frequency. The objective of this study is to examine the impact of magnetite incorporation on the magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) for efficient vibration reduction within the frequency range of 1–100 Hz. MRE samples were fabricated using silicone rubber as the elastomer matrix. Silicone oil was used as a plasticizer. Carbonyl iron particles were used as the magnetorheological phase. Magnetite nanoparticles were added at different weight fractions. The material's morphology and elemental composition were examined using a SEM–EDX. To evaluate storage modulus, loss modulus, and damping factor (tan δ), dynamic rheological characterization was conducted using a Discovery Hybrid Rheometer. The results show that adding magnetite has a big impact on the viscoelastic behavior of MREs, reducing dynamic stiffness and increasing internal energy dissipation. However, the effect varies greatly based on the amount of magnetite added. The compositions that were investigated revealed that MRE with 1% magnetite has the lowest storage modulus, stable loss modulus, and the highest and most consistent tan δ values across the tested frequency range. This demonstrates that it has superior vibration-damping performance compared to other formulations.

References

[1] A. K. Bastola and M. Hossain, “A review on magneto-mechanical characterizations of magnetorheological elastomers,” Composites Part B: Engineering, vol. 200, p. 108348, 2020.

[2] A. K. Bastola, M. Paudel, L. Li, and W. Li, “Recent progress of magnetorheological elastomers: a review,” Smart Materials and Structures, vol. 29, no. 12, p. 123002, 2020.

[3] M. Nawafleh, N. Al-Kloub, M. Tarawneh, and R. Younesd, “Reduction of vibration of industrial equipments,” JJMIE, vol. 4, no. 4, 2010.

[4] A. K. Bastola and L. Li, “A new type of vibration isolator based on magnetorheological elastomer,” Materials & Design, vol. 157, pp. 431–436, 2018.

[5] D. Lin, F. Yang, D. Gong, and R. Li, “A new vibration isolator integrating tunable stiffness-damping and active driving properties based on radial-chains magnetorheological elastomer,” Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, vol. 183, p. 109633, 2023.

[6] G. Priyandoko and P. Suwandono, “Development of Vibration Isolator Using Magnetorheological Elastomer Material Based,” Journal of Applied Engineering Science, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 1108–1113, 2021.

[7] R. Fan, G. Meng, J. Yang, and C. He, “Experimental study of the effect of viscoelastic damping materials on noise and vibration reduction within railway vehicles,” Journal of Sound and Vibration, vol. 319, no. 1–2, pp. 58–76, 2009.

[8] S. Jin et al., “Magnetorheological elastomer base isolation in civil engineering: a review,” Journal of Infrastructure Intelligence and Resilience, vol. 2, no. 2, p. 100039, 2023.

[9] S. S. Kang, K. Choi, J.-D. Nam, and H. J. Choi, “Magnetorheological elastomers: Fabrication, characteristics, and applications,” Materials, vol. 13, no. 20, p. 4597, 2020.

[10] X. Huang, S. Su, Z. Xu, Q. Miao, W. Li, and L. Wang, “Advanced composite materials for structure strengthening and resilience improvement,” Buildings, vol. 13, no. 10, p. 2406, 2023.

[11] Z. Sun, Z. Mei, Y. Li, H. Gong, G. Wang, and Q. Wang, “Design of lightweight damping core for composite sandwich structure,” Polymer Composites, vol. 43, no. 9, pp. 6578–6588, 2022.

[12] Y. Choi and N. M. Wereley, “Vibration isolation performance of an adaptive magnetorheological elastomer-based dynamic vibration absorber,” Actuators, MDPI, 2022, p. 157.

[13] J. Morales and R. Sedaghati, “A Novel Semi-Active Control Approach for Flexible Structures: Vibration Control through Boundary Conditioning Using Magnetorheological Elastomers,” Vibration, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 605–626, 2024.

[14] A. Masa’id, B. W. Lenggana, U. Ubaidillah, D. D. Susilo, and S.-B. Choi, “A review on vibration control strategies using magnetorheological materials actuators: Application perspective,” Actuators, MDPI, 2023, p. 113.

[15] L. Dingxin, Z. Xu, F. Wenhao, N. Donghong, and L. Guijie, “A tunable quasi-zero-stiffness vibration isolator (QZS-VI) with magnetorheological elastomer (MRE),” Smart Materials and Structures, vol. 34, no. 3, p. 035026, 2025.

[16] R. Hamzehei, M. Bodaghi, and N. Wu, “Mastering the art of designing mechanical metamaterials with quasi-zero stiffness for passive vibration isolation: a review,” Smart Materials and Structures, vol. 33, no. 8, p. 083001, 2024.