Utilization of Recycled Glass as an Alternative to Silica Sand Filter Media in Reducing Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Turbidity, and Phosphates in Laundry Wastewater
Keywords:
recycled glass, silica sand, slow sand filter, laundry wastewaterAbstract
This study examines the comparative performance of recycled glass and silica sand as filter media in the slow sand filtration process to treat laundry wastewater. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of recycled glass and silica sand in reducing Total Suspended Solids (TSS), turbidity, and phosphate content in laundry wastewater effluent. The selection of recycled glass as a filtration medium is due to its characteristic of having a small sphericity value so that its porosity value is large which results in a small headloss value. The use of recycled glass as an alternative media is an effort to reduce the exploitation of the use of sand media in filtration. The results of the study showed that the use of recycled glass was quite efficient than silica sand in reducing TSS and turbidity with a percentage of TSS removal (94%% vs 90%) and turbidity (90,57% vs 86,04%). While in phosphate removal, silica sand was more efficient than recycled glass with a percentage of removal (46,74% vs 83,48%). Before the research was conducted, a maturation phase was carried out for 2 weeks to form the schmutzdecke layer. The addition of Effective Microorganism 4 (EM4) was carried out to help the growth of the schmutzdecke layer in this study.
References
[1] Abdulhasan, M. J., Alwared, A. I., Mohammed, R. A., Alabdraba, W. M. S., & Al-Mansori, N. J. H. (2023). Using Crushed Glass with Sand as a Single and Dual Filter Media for Removal of Turbidity from Drinking Water. Mathematical Modelling of Engineering Problems, 10(2), 477–481. https://doi.org/10.18280/mmep.100213
[2] Arvidsson, R. (2015). Biological Phosphorus Removal From Wastewater With A Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor Process. Lund University.
[3] AWWA, Water Quality and Treatment. (2011). A Handbook of Community Water Supplies, 6th Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, Chapter 8.
[4] Betancourt, W. Q., and Rose, J. B. (2004). Drinking Water Treatment Processes for Removal Of Cryptosporidium And Giardi. Vertinary Parasitology, 126(1-2): 219- 234.
[5] Budiawan, B., Fatisa, Y., & Khairani, N. (2009). Optimasi Biodegradabilitas dan Uji Toksisitas Hasil Degradasi Surfaktan Linear Alkilbenzen Sulfonat (LAS) Sebagai Bahan Deterjen Pembersih. Makara Journal of Science, 13(2), Article 50. Available at: https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/science/vol13/iss2/50
[6] Cescon, A., & Jiang, J. Q. (2020). Filtration Process and Alternative Filter Media Material in Water Treatment. Water (Switzerland), 12(12), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12123377
[7] Clark, P., Pinedo, C. A., Fadus, M., & Capuzzi, S. (2012), Slow-sand Water Filter: Design, Implementation, Accessibility and Sustainability In Developing Countries. Medical Science Monitor, 105-117.
[8] Gill, L., Doran, C., Misstear, D., & Sheahan, B. (2009). The use of recycled glass as a filter media for on-site wastewater treatment. Desalination and Water Treatment, 1-3(1), 198-205. https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2009.376
[9] Herlambang, Arie. 2005. Teknologi Pengolahan Limbah Tekstil Dengan Sistem Lumpur Aktif. Direktorat Teknologi Lingkungan Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi. Jakarta, Indonesia.
[10] Horan, N. J., & Lowe, M. (2007). Full-scale trials of recycled glass as tertiary filter medium for wastewater treatment. Water Research, 41(1), 253–259. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2006.08.02
[11] Huisman, L., dan Wood, W. (1974). Slow Sand Filtration. World Health Organization. Geneva, Switzerland.
[12] Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2023). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 tentang Peraturan Pelaksanaan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 66 Tahun 2014 Tentang Kesehatan Lingkungan.
[13] Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. (2014). Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah. Berita Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2014 Nomor 1815. Retrieved from https://jdih.maritim.go.id/cfind/source/files/permen-lhk/mlh-p.5.pdf
[14] Lubarsky, H., Fava, N. M. N., Freitas, B. L. S., Terin, U. C., Oliveira, M., Lamon, A. W., Pichel, N., Byrne, J. A., Sabogal-Paz, L. P., dan Fernandez-Ibañez, P. (2022). Biological Layer in Household Slow Sand Filters: Characterization and Evaluation of the Impact on Systems Efficiency. Water, 14(7), 1078. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14071078
[15] MetCalf dan Eddy, 2003, Wastewater Engineering: Treatment, Disposal and Reuse, 4th ed., McGraw Hill Book Co., New York
[16] Ranjan, Prem dan Prem, Manjeet. (2018). Schmutzdecke- A Filtration Layer of Slow Sand Filter. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences. 7. 637-645. 10.20546/ijcmas.2018.707.077.
[17] Salzmann, R. (2019). Tertiary Wastewater Filtration: An Analysis of Crushed Recycled Glass as an Alternative to Sand Filter Media (Master's thesis, University of Manitoba). Retrieved from https://mspace.lib.umanitoba.ca/handle/1993/33812
[18] Sawyer, C. McCarty, P.. & Parkin. G. (2003). Chemistry for Environmental Engineering and Science. New York: McGraw Hill
[19] Shineh, G., Mobaraki, M., Perves Bappy, M. J., dan Mills, D. K. (2023). Biofilm formation, and related impacts on healthcare, food processing and packaging, industrial manufacturing, marine industries, and sanitation–A review. Applied Microbiology, 3(3), 629-665. https://doi.org/10.3390/applmicrobiol3030044
[20] Soyer, E., Akgiray, Ö., Eldem, N.Ö. dan Saatçı, A.M. (2010), Crushed Recycled Glass As A Filter Medium And Comparison With Silica Sand. Clean Soil Air Water, 38: 927-935.
[21] Trikannad, S. A., van Halem, D., Foppen, J. W., & van der Hoek, J. P. (2023). The contribution of deeper layers in slow sand filters to pathogens removal. Water research, 237, 119994. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2023.119994
[22] Truong, Q., Ramezanianpour, M., Jensen, M., dan Yuki, I. (2022). Treatment of septic tank discharge using crushed glass filter media. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202204.0180.v1
[23] Uddin, S., Khalifa, M. R., dan Alam, M. A. (2019). Grey Water Treatment Using Glass Filter Media. Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology, Gazipur. Bangladesh: International Conference on Civil and Environmental Engineering (ICCEE) 2019.
[24] Wiranto, G dan Rahajoeningroem, Tri. (2020). Monitoring Water Quality Using Turbidity Sensor Metode Nephelometric Base on Raspberry PI 3. Padang: Jurnal Ilmiah Telekomunikasi, Kendali dan Elektronika Terapan Register, vol. 8.
[25] Yanlinastuti, S. F., & Fatimah, S. (2016). Pengaruh Konsentrasi Pelarut Untuk Menentukan Kadar Zirkonium Dalam Paduan U-Zr Dengan Menggunakan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-VIS. Jurnal BATAN, No. 17, ISSN 1979-2409
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Pandu Wicaksono, Firra Rosariawari (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
