Optimalisasi Proses Koagulasi-Flokulasi untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Air Limbah Limpasan Batubara

Dianty Rosirda Rosirda; Endang Kusumawati; Rahmad Fadjri Witular; Fajri Shafi Nabiha

Authors

Dianty Rosirda Dewi Kurnia Politeknik Negeri Bandung Author
Endang Kusumawati Politeknik Negeri Bandung Author
Rahmad Fadjri Witular Politeknik Negeri Bandung Author
Fajri Shafi Nabiha Politeknik Negeri Bandung Author

Keywords:

Air Limbah limpasan batubara, Flokulasi, Koagulasi, Sedimentasi

Abstract

Open coal storage produces liquid waste in the form of coal runoff wastewater. Coal runoff wastewater is black in color so it cannot be discharged into the environment. This study aims to optimize the coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation processes by determining the type, dosage, and optimum pH of coagulants and the optimum dosage of flocculants to reduce TSS, neutralize pH, and conduct economic analysis to improve effluent quality. The types of coagulants used are poly aluminum chloride (PAC), aluminum sulfate (alum), and ferric chloride, as well as aquaclear flocculant. In addition to TSS and pH, Fe and Mn analyses were carried out to meet the parameters in the established quality standards. The results showed that the optimum conditions for each coagulant were PAC at a dose of 165 ppm with a pH of 7.04; alum at a dose of 200 ppm with a pH of 7.70; and FeCl₃ at a dose of 225 ppm with a pH of 7.54. The optimum flocculant dose was 0.6 ppm for PAC and alum coagulants and 0.3 ppm for FeCl₃ coagulants. After the addition of optimum coagulants and flocculants, the TSS value of PAC decreased to 100.5 mg/l, alum to 102.5 mg/l, and FeCl₃ to 57.5 mg/l. Alum coagulant, in terms of coagulant dose, flocculant, and sludge volume, was the most economical choice with a total expenditure of Rp20,371.76/day/m³ of waste.

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