Evaluasi Kebijakan Pengelolaan IPAL-Komunal Berdasarkan Nilai Keberlanjutan Multidimensi di Kawasan Padat Penduduk Kota Bandung

Siti Fanira Nazhipah; Prayatni Soewondo

Authors

Siti Fanira Nazhipah Institut Teknologi Bandung Author
Prayatni Soewondo Institut Teknologi Bandung Author

Keywords:

evaluasi kebijakan, IPAL-Komunal, keberlanjutan, RAPFISH, sanitasi

Abstract

Rapid urban growth has led to various problems, including sanitation issues, which contribute to the degradation of environmental carrying capacity. Limited land and increasing population density have resulted in higher sanitation demands, requiring sustainable management. The Indonesian government promotes community-based communal wastewater treatment systems (IPAL Komunal) in various cities, including Bandung, to support the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly the target of 100% access to safe sanitation. This study aims to evaluate communal-scale domestic wastewater management policy in Bandung City to support sustainable safe sanitation in densely populated areas. Research was conducted in four sub-districts—Karasak, Sukawarna, Bandung Wetan, and Cicaheum—with 174 respondents including users and managers. Sustainability was assessed using the RAPFISH method across five dimensions: technical, institutional, financial, social, and environmental. The results showed sustainability scores ranging from 50.86 – 73.91, categorized as moderately sustainable. Leverage analysis identified key influencing factors: IPAL physical condition, government support, community participation, and environmental quality perception. Policy evaluation applied six criteria from William Dunn: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and appropriateness. Findings indicate current policies remain ineffective. More appropriate policies and stronger post-construction government support are needed.

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