Perbandingan Kadar Trihalomethane di Negara Tropis dan Non Tropis: Studi Literatur

Najla Shalmabillah Hidayat; Nur Alifah Fauzia; Mohamad Rangga Sururi; Mila Dirgawati

Authors

Najla Shalmabillah Hidayat Institut Teknologi Nasional Author
Nur Alifah Fauzia Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung Author
Mohamad Rangga Sururi Institut Teknologi Nasional Author
Mila Dirgawati Institut Teknologi Nasional Author

Keywords:

Trihalomethane, Disinfection By Products, Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter, Tropical River, Non Tropical River

Abstract

Trihalometan (THM) merupakan produk samping disinfksi yang terbentuk akibat relasi antara klorin dengan bahan organik alaa (natural organic matter/NOM) pada sumber air baku air minum, dan keberadaannya menjadi perhatian penting karena berpotensi menimbulkan dapat kesehatan jangka panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan membandungkan karakteristik, faktor dominan, serta tingkat konsentrasi pada system penyediaan air minu di wilayah tropis dan non-tropis melalui pendekatan studi literatur. Metode yang digunakan adalah literatur review dengan penelusuran artikel ilmiah terbitan sepuluh tahun terakhir yang membahas konsentrasi THM, prekursor pembentukkannya, serta pegaruh kondisi lingkungan dan kualitas air baku. Hasil kajian menunukkan bahwa pembentukan THM secara umum didominasi oleh keberadaan bahan organik terlarut, khususnya fraksi humik dan aromatic yang direpresentasikan oleh parameter DOC, UV254, SUVA, seta chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM). Di wilayah tropis seperti, Indonesia, Thailand, Sri Langka, dan Brezil konsentrasi THM cenderung tinggi dan bervariasi, dengan pebentukan hampir 1.000 µg/L dengan karakteristik lahan gambut. Kondisi ini dipengaruhi oleh tingginya kandungan NOM, dan suhu lingkungan yang tinggi, serta kualitas air baku yang terpapar aktivitas antropogenik. Wilayah non tropis seperti Eropa dan Amerika Utara, konsentrasi THM umumnya lebih rendah dan realtif lebih terkendali, meskipun masih dipengaruhi oleh kualitas sumber air dan praktik pengolahan.

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