Kajian Komprehensif Literatur mengenai Integrasi Adsorpsi - Ozonasi untuk Pengolahan Limbah Cair Industri
Keywords:
adsorpsi-ozonasi, radikal hidroksil, limbah cair industri, material pori, pengolahan limbahAbstract
Limbah cair industri khususnya industri tekstil, umumnya mengandung senyawa organik kompleks, zat warna sintetis, padatan tersuspensi dan terlarut dalam konsentrasi tinggi yang berpotensi menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan. Parameter tersebut sering melebihi baku mutu, sehingga diperlukan teknologi pengolahan lebih efektif dan berkelanjutan. Salah satu pendekatan yang banyak dikaji adalah integrasi proses ozonasi dan adsorpsi sebagai metode pengolahan limbah cair industri. Studi literatur ini bertujuan mengevaluasi potensi kombinasi kedua proses tersebut dalam meningkatkan kinerja pengolahan limbah. Metode penelitian dilakukan melalui kajian pustaka terhadap berbagai publikasi ilmiah yang membahas mekanisme reaksi, parameter operasi, serta kinerja proses ozonasi-adsorpsi dalam menurunkan konsentrasi polutan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan, ozonasi sebagai Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) menghasilkan radikal hidroksil (*OH) sangat efektif mendegradasi senyawa organik kompleks, sementara adsorpsi material berpori berperan dalam mengadsorpsi residu polutan. Integrasi kedua proses menghasilkan efek sinergis melalui peningkatan kontak reaksi dan efisiensi perpindahan massa, dengan efisiensi penurunan polutan mencapai 99,88% warna, 97,17% TSS, 97% TOC, 93,76% COD, 54,4% TDS, dan 56,5% BOD.
References
[1] K. Sathya, K. Nagarajan, G. C. G. Malar, S. Rajalakshmi, and P. Raja, “A Comprehensive Review on Comparison Among Effluent Treatment Methods for Industrial Wastewater Effluent from Different Sources", Appl Water Sci, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 70, Maret 2022, doi: 10.1007/s13201-022-01594-7
[2] N. Kaur, P Kaur, A. Awasthi, S. Das, M. Bansal, K. Kaur, S.K. Nippani, and A. Lodh, , “Mitigating Dye and Organic Pollutant-driven Surface Water Pollution Using ZnO Nanoparticles : a Sustainable Strategy for Climate Resilience" Frontiers in Environmental Science, vol. 13, 2025. doi: 10.3389/fenvs.2025.1656031.
[3] M. Hu and J. Hao, “Adsorption Technologies in Wastewater Treatment Processes,” Water, vol. 15, no. 15, August 2025, DOI:10.3390/w17152335
[4] B. G. F. Mbanga, O.P Onotu, and Z. T. Ngeva “Advantages of The Reuse of Spent Adsorbents and Potential Environmental Applications”, Green Analytical Chemistry, vol. 11, pp. 100156, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.greeac.2024.100156
[5] M. W. Ackley, S. U. Rege, and H. Saxena, “Application of Natural Zeolites in the Purification and Separation of Gases,” Microporous Mesoporous Materials, vol. 61, no. 1–3, pp. 25–42, 2003, doi: 10.1016/S1387-1811(03)00353-6.
[6] V. Gunten, “Ozonation of Drinking Water: Part I. Oxidation Kinetics Product Formation,” Water Research, vol. 37, no. 7, pp. 1443, 2003, doi: 10.1016/S0043-1354(02)00457-8
[7] B. K. Hordern, M. Ziółek, and J. Nawrocki, “Catalytic Ozonation and Methods of Enhancing Molecular Ozone Reactions in Water Treatment,” Water Research, vol. 37, no. 15, pp. 3583–3591, 2023, doi: 10.1016/S0043-1354(03)00248-6
[8] J. Nawrocki and B. K. Hordern, “The Efficiency and Mechanisms of Catalytic Ozonation,” Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, vol. 99, no. 1–2, pp. 27–42, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2010.06.033
[9] Khairunnisa, Arya R. Fajar A.,"Penurunan Kadar COD dan Warna pada Limbah Artifisial Batik Zat Warna Turunan Azo menggunakan Metode Adsorpsi Arang Aktif dan Ozonasi + FeSO4.7H2O", Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan, Vol. 6, No. 3, hh. 1-10, 2017
[10] T. Estikarini, “Kombinasi Proses Ozonasi dan Adsorpsi untuk Pengolahan Limbah Tekstil,” Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 77–85, 2016
[11] C. Ferreiro, A. de Luis, N. Villota, J. M. Lomas, J. I. Lombraña, and L. M. Camarero, “Application of a Combined Adsorption–Ozonation Process for Phenolic Wastewater Treatment in a Continuous Fixed Bed Reactor” Catalysts, vol. 11, pp. 11081014, 2021, doi: 10.3390/catal11081014
[12] V. K. U. Shah, R. Patel, S. Mehta, and A. Kumar, "Response Surface Methodology for Predicting COD and Colour Decrease Real-time textile wastewater ozonation by adsorption upon activated Canna Indica biochar", Research Square, pp. 1–18, 2025, doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5956236/v1.
[13] E. Nabavi, M. Sabour, and G. A. Dezvareh, “Ozone treatment and adsorption with granular activated carbon for the removal of organic compounds from agricultural soil leachates,” Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 335, p. 130312, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.130312.
[14] M. Sprynskyy, B. Buszewski, A. P. Terzyk, and J. Namieśnik, “Study of the Selection Mechanism of Heavy Metal (Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Cd²⁺) Adsorption on Clinoptilolite,” Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, vol. 304, no. 1, pp. 21–28, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2006.07.068.
[15] C. Belviso, “State-of-the-art Applications of Fly Ash from Coal and Biomass: A focus on Zeolite Synthesis Processes and Issues,” Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, vol. 65, pp. 109–135, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.pecs.2017.10.004.
[16] S. Wang and Y. Peng, “Natural Zeolites as Effective Adsorbents in Water and Wastewater Treatment,” Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 156, pp. 11–24, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2009.10.029
[17] A. B. Hernández-Montoya, D. I. Mendoza-Castillo, and M. A. Bonilla-Petriciolet, “Competitive Adsorption of Dyes and Heavy Metals on Zeolitic Materials,” Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 116, pp. 216, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.12.010
[18] L. González-Rodríguez, “Exploring the Adsorption of Emerging Pollutants on Activated Carbon : A Theoretical Approach” Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, vol. 12, pp. 112911, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.112911
[19] Quintas Salamba, Maurício, et al. "Porosity of activated carbon in water remediation: a bibliometric review and overview of research perspectives." ACS ES&T Water 5.5 (2025): 2070-2086.
[20] M. S. Muzarpar, A. M. Leman, K. A. Rahman, N. Maghpor, N.N. Mat Hassan, N. Misdan “The Adsorption Mechanism of Activated Carbon and Its Application – A Review,” International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 1–6, 2020, doi : 10.37869/ijatec.v1i3.37
[21] P. Liu et al., “Adsorption Mechanism of High-Concentration Ammonium by Natural Zeolite: Experimental and Theoretical Computation,” Water, vol. 14, no. 15, 2022, doi: 10.3390/w14152413
[22] B. Ahmadi, A. Azhdarpoor, and M. Hoseini, “Enhanced Paraben Removal Through Synergistic Catalytic Ozonation and Adsorption Processes using Fe3O4-GAC Magnetic Composite”, Applied Water Science, vol. 15, No. 124, 2025, doi: 10.1007/s13201-025-02475-5.
[23] E. F. Karamah, R. Hidayat, and M. R. Wibowo, “Combination of Ozonation and Adsorption using Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) for Tofu Industry Wastewater Treatment,” Indonesian Journal of Chemistry, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 600–606, 2018, DOI:10.22146/ijc.26724
[24] J. Yang, L. Fu, F. Wu, “Recent Developments in Activated Carbon Catalysts Based on Pore Size Regulation in Catalytic Ozonation,” Catalysts, vol. 12, no. 10, 2022, doi: 10.3390/catal12101085.
[25] J. A. G.Cardenas, B. E. García, A. Agüera, J. A. S. Pérez, and F. M. Agugliaro, “Wastewater Treatment by Advanced Oxidation Processes and Their Worldwide Research Trends,” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 17, no. 1, p. 170, 2019, doi: 10.3390/ijerph17010170.
[26] Y. Guo, L. Yang, and X. Wang, “The Application and Reaction Mechanism of Catalytic Ozonation in Water Treatment,” Journal of Environmental & Analytical Toxicology, vol. 2, no. 6, 2022, doi: 10.4172/2161-0525.1000150
[27] J. Rivera-Utrilla, M. Sánchez-Polo, V. Gómez-Serrano, P. M. Alvarez, M. C. M. Alvim-Ferraz, and J. M. Dias, “Activated carbon modifications to enhance its water treatment applications,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 187, no. 1–3, pp. 1–23, 2011.
[28] Thakur, Abhinay, Ashish Kumar, and Ambrish Singh. "Adsorptive removal of heavy metals, dyes, and pharmaceuticals: Carbon-based nanomaterials in focus." Carbon 217 (2024): 118621.
[29] S. M. Al-Hamadi, A. A. Ibrahim, and M. A. Abdullah, “Bentonite-clay/CNT-based nano adsorbent for textile wastewater treatment,” Water, vol. 15, no. 18, p. 3197, 2023, doi: 10.3390/w15183197.
[30] R. Ruspita, A. Hidayat, and S. Rahmawati, “Karbon aktif dari kulit durian sebagai adsorben untuk menurunkan kadar COD pada limbah cair,” Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 15–22, 2024.
[31] A. H. Setiawan, M. T. Nugraha, and S. P. Wibowo, “Surface area analysis of activated carbon material from palm frond,” Indonesian Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 120–128, 2023.
[32] S. A. Mahmoud, H. M. Hassan, and A. A. Ibrahim, “Preparation and characterization of a magnetic nano adsorbent for wastewater treatment,” PLOS ONE, vol. 20, no. 3, 2025, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0329686.
[33] M. Shumiye, M. A. Alemayehu, and T. Tadesse, “Preparation of an activated adsorbent from water treatment plant sludge for phosphate removal,” Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 122–131, 2024, doi: 10.2166/washdev.2024.220.
[34] M. Thommes, “Physisorption of gases, with special reference to the evaluation of surface area and pore size distribution,” Pure and Applied Chemistry, vol. 87, no. 9–10, pp. 1051–1069, 2015, doi: 10.1515/pac-2014-1117.
[35] C. Zhang, L. Wang, and Y. Chen, “Magnetic activated carbon for wastewater treatment: preparation, characterization and adsorption performance,” Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 356, pp. 319–328, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2018.12.019.
[36] Y. Zhang, X. Li, and J. Wang, “Application of magnetic nanocomposites in water treatment: Core–shell Fe3O4 adsorbents for Cr(VI) removal,” Water, vol. 15, no. 15, p. 2827, 2023, doi: 10.3390/w15152827.
[37] S. Bhattacharjee, “Application of light scattering techniques for nanoparticle characterization,” Frontiers in Chemistry, vol. 6, p. 237, 2018, doi: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00237.
[38] F. Ikhsandy, S. Bismo, and E. F. Karamah, “Aplikasi Teknik Ozonasi Katalitik Skala Semi Pilot menggunakan Ultra Violet (UV) dan Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) dalam Penyisihan Limbah Fenol, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) dan 1,1,2,2-Tetrakloroetana,” Reka Buana: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1–15, 2022, doi: 10.33366/rekabuana.v7i1.2854.
[39] B. Cantoni, J. Ianes, B. Bertolo, S. Ziccardi, F. Maffini, and M. Antonelli, “Adsorption on activated carbon combined with ozonation for the removal of contaminants of emerging concern in drinking water,” Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 350, p. 119537, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119537.
[40] J. Derco, N. Šoltýsová, R. Zakhar, and J. Jurík, “Research on Ammonium Removal from Wastewater by Adsorption and Ozonation Processes,” Green Energy and Environmental Technology, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1–20, 2024, doi: 10.5772/geet.29.
[41] R. Abdel-Aziz, M. A. Ahmed, and M. F. Abdel Messih, “A novel UV and visible light driven photocatalyst AgIO₄/ZnO nanoparticles with highly enhanced photocatalytic performance for removal of rhodamine B and indigo carmine dyes,” Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, vol. 390, p. 112245, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.112245.
[42] M. Wolska, J. Machi, S. Szerzyna, M. Mołczan, W. Adamski, and J. Wiśniewski, “Effect of ozonation on organic substance removal efficiency during adsorption,” Desalination and Water Treatment, vol. 117, pp. 101–107, 2018, doi: 10.5004/dwt.2018.22166.
[43] A. Ikhlaq, T. Aslam, A. M. Zafar, F. Javed, and H. M. S. Munir, “Combined ozonation and adsorption system for the removal of heavy metals from municipal wastewater: effect of COD removal,” Desalination and Water Treatment, vol. 159, pp. 304–309, 2019, doi: 10.5004/dwt.2019.24164.
[44] K. Hendaoui, S. Ben Ayed, L. Mansour, A. Ben Othman, and F. Ayari, “Decontamination of textile effluents via the adsorption process on various raw clay minerals enhanced by ozonation: a modeling approach and optimization,” RSC Advances, vol. 14, pp. 37803–37819, 2024, doi: 10.1039/d4ra03757j.
[45] X. Li, L. Fu, F. Chen, S. Zhao, J. Zhu, and C. Yin, “Application of Heterogeneous Catalytic Ozonation in Wastewater Treatment: An Overview,” Catalysts, vol. 13, no. 2, p. 342, 2023, doi: 10.3390/catal13020342.
[46] J. Pavlović and N. Rajić, “Clinoptilolite An Efficient Carrier for Catalytically Active Nano Oxide Particles,” Minerals, vol. 13, no. 7, pp. 877, 2023. DOI: 10.3390/min13070877.
[47] Y.-Z. Yu, J.-G. Guo, and L.-J. Zhou, “Theoretical investigation on the adsorption and diffusion of lithium-ion on and between graphene layers with size and defect effects,” Adsorption Science & Technology, vol. 34, no. 2–3, pp. 212–226, 2016. DOI: 10.1177/0263617415623429.
[48] H. Zhang, L. Chen, M. Lu, J. Bao, and L. Han, “A novel film–pore–surface diffusion model to explain the enhanced enzyme adsorption of corn stover pretreated by ultrafine grinding,” Biotechnology for Biofuels, vol. 9, no. 1, p. 181, 2016, doi: 10.1186/s13068-016-0602-2.
[49] M. Voigt, A. Wirtz, K. Hoffmann-Jacobsen, and M. Jaeger, “Prior art for the development of a fourth purification stage in wastewater treatment plant for the elimination of anthropogenic micropollutants A short review,” AIMS Environmental Science, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 69–98, 2020, doi: 10.3934/environsci.2020005.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Moch. Afrizal Nafii’u Hafid, Haqi Zain Syadana, Susilowati, Ketut Sumada (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
