Analisis Pengaruh Karakteristik Aliran Laminer dan Turbulen Pada Fotokatalitik Terhadap Penurunan Bakteri Escherichia Coli Dalam Air Tanah
Keywords:
Escherichia Coli, fotokatalis, turbulen, air tanahAbstract
Air tanah di kawasan padat penduduk berpotensi mengalami pencemaran biologis akibat keberadaan bakteri Escherichia coli yang dapat membahayakan kesehatan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas proses fotokatalisis dengan perbedaan karakteristik aliran laminer dan turbulen dalam menurunkan bakteri Escherichia coli pada air tanah. Penelitian skala laboratorium ini menggunakan reaktor fixed bed photocatalytic continuous flow dengan katalis TiO₂ terimobilisasi pada media kasa dan penyinaran sinar ultraviolet (UV). Variabel yang diuji meliputi jenis aliran (laminer dan turbulen), variasi Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) selama 10, 20, dan 30 menit, serta pengaruh kadar Dissolved Oxygen (DO). Tahapan penelitian mencakup persiapan katalis melalui metode dip coating, karakterisasi air baku, serta pengoperasian reaktor hingga kondisi stabil. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kondisi operasional optimum tercapai pada proses fotokatalis aliran turbulen dengan HRT 30 menit, yang menghasilkan penurunan bakteri Escherichia coli lebih tinggi dibandingkan aliran laminer. Peningkatan kadar DO pada sistem turbulen turut meningkatkan efisiensi proses melalui pembentukan reactive oxygen species (ROS) yang lebih besar. Parameter pendukung seperti pH, suhu, dan kekeruhan berada pada rentang yang mendukung proses fotokatalisis. Disimpulkan bahwa peningkatan intensitas pencampuran dan waktu tinggal berbanding lurus dengan efisiensi penurunan bakteri karena meningkatkan kontak antara bakteri, oksigen terlarut, permukaan katalis, dan radikal oksidatif.
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