Sintesis Zeolit X dari Natrium Silikat dan Natrium Aluminat: Pengaruh pH dan Konsentrasi Natrium Aluminat Terhadap Kapasitas Tukar Kation

Syamsiar Hudawi Syukri; Elvara Rezkia Putri Ivanka; Dyah Suci Perwitasari; Sintha Soraya Santi; Caecilia Pujiastuti

Authors

Syamsiar Hudawi Syukri Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur Author
Elvara Rezkia Putri Ivanka Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur Author
Dyah Suci Perwitasari Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur Author
Sintha Soraya Santi Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur Author
Caecilia Pujiastuti Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur Author

Keywords:

synthetic zeolite, cation exchange capacity, sodium aluminate, pH, ion exchange

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengevaluasi pengaruh pH dan konsentrasi natrium aluminat terhadap kapasitas tukar kation (KTK) serta kinerja penukaran ion zeolit berbasis aluminosilikat untuk pengolahan limbah logam berat dari industri elektroplating. Zeolit disintesis melalui metode sol–gel dengan variasi pH 8–12 dan konsentrasi natrium aluminat 1–3 M. Karakterisasi material dilakukan menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) dan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), sedangkan kinerja penukaran ion dianalisis terhadap ion Ni²⁺ dan Pb²⁺. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan pH sintesis berbanding lurus dengan nilai KTK, dengan nilai maksimum diperoleh pada pH 12. Variasi konsentrasi natrium aluminat menunjukkan hubungan nonlinier terhadap KTK, dengan kondisi optimum pada konsentrasi 1,5 M yang menghasilkan KTK sebesar 202,4144 meq/100 g. Analisis morfologi menunjukkan terbentuknya struktur aluminosilikat khas zeolit dengan agregasi partikel yang tidak seragam. Zeolit yang disintesis pada kondisi optimum menunjukkan efisiensi penurunan konsentrasi ion Ni²⁺ dan Pb²⁺ masing-masing sebesar 99,61% dan 99,00%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa parameter sintesis berperan dalam menentukan karakteristik fisikokimia dan kinerja penukaran ion zeolit terhadap logam berat.

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