Ekstraksi Flavonoid Dari Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera) Menggunakan Metode Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE)

Mukhammat Irfan Yofi Setiawan; Nadira Aurelia; Nove Kartika Erliyanti

Authors

Mukhammat Irfan Yofi Setiawan Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur Author
Nadira Aurelia Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur Author
Nove Kartika Erliyanti Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur Author

Keywords:

Moringa Oleifera, flavonoid, Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction, Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent, Koeffisien Perpindahan Massa

Abstract

Daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) merupakan salah satu sumber senyawa flavonoid yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tinggi sehingga berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pada industri pangan, farmasi, dan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh waktu ekstraksi dan rasio mol pelarut Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NADES) berbasis kolin klorida dan asam sitrat terhadap rendemen ekstrak, Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), serta karakteristik perpindahan massa pada proses ekstraksi flavonoid menggunakan metode Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE). Variasi waktu ekstraksi yang digunakan adalah 10, 20, 30, 40, dan 50 menit, sedangkan rasio mol kolin klorida terhadap asam sitrat meliputi 1:0,5, 1:0,75, 1:1, 1:1,25, dan 1:1,5. Ekstrak yang diperoleh dianalisis nilai rendemennya, kemudian kadar flavonoid total ditentukan menggunakan metode AlCl₃ dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 437 nm. Selain itu, dilakukan perhitungan koefisien perpindahan massa volumetrik (kLa) untuk menggambarkan kinetika ekstraksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi waktu ekstraksi dan komposisi pelarut NADES memengaruhi rendemen, kadar flavonoid total, serta karakteristik perpindahan massa. Rendemen tertinggi sebesar 30,1333% diperoleh pada rasio mol 1:1 dengan waktu ekstraksi 50 menit. Nilai konsentrasi kesetimbangan (Cs) tertinggi juga dihasilkan oleh rasio mol 1:1 yang menunjukkan kemampuan pelarut dalam melarutkan flavonoid paling optimal. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, rasio mol kolin klorida dan asam sitrat sebesar 1:1 merupakan kondisi terbaik untuk ekstraksi flavonoid daun kelor menggunakan metode UAE.

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