Kinetika Reaksi Pembentukan Furfural Dari Sekam Padi (Oryza Sativa) Dengan Two-Stage Method
Keywords:
kinetika, sekam padi, furfuralAbstract
Furfural is a valuable furan-based organic compound widely used in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, and as an intermediate in the production of furfuryl alcohol and furanone. However, Indonesia still relies on imports due to the absence of local furfural producers. Rice husk, an abundant agricultural waste rich in pentosan, offers promising potential as an alternative raw material. This study aims to determine the kinetic equation for furfural formation from rice husk (Oryza sativa) using a two-stage method with sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The process involves hydrolysis of pentosan into pentose, followed by dehydration into furfural. Temperature (80–100 °C) and reaction time (20–60 minutes) variations were applied to observe their effect on furfural concentration, analyzed using the iodometric titration (Excess Iodine Method). Results show that the reaction follows first-order kinetics, with linear graphs and R² values approaching 1. Furfural concentration increased with both temperature and time. The activation energy obtained was 21.62 kJ/mol and the pre-exponential factor (k₀) was 14.26. This study confirms that the two-stage method is more effective in enhancing furfural production from rice husk biomass.
References
[1] D. Arziyah, A. Kasim, A. Asben, and M. Busniah, “Tinjauan Literatur : Analisis Hubungan Kandungan Hemiselulosa dan Rendemen Furfural,” Penelitian dan Kajian Ilmiah, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 103–3, Jul. 2014.
[2] Mitarlis, Ismono, and Tukiran, “Pengembangan Metode Sintesis Furfural Berbahan Dasar Campuran Limbah Pertanian Dalam Rangka Mewujudkan Prinsip Green,” Nov. 2011.
[3] P. Mardina, H. A. Prathama, and D. M. Hayati, “Pengaruh Waktu Hidrolisis Dan Konsentrasi Katalisator Asam Sulfat Terhadap Sintesis Furfural Dari Jerami Padi,” Konversi, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 37–44, Oct. 2014.
[4] F. López et al., “Optimization of furfural production by acid hydrolysis of eucalyptus globulus in two stages,” Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 240, pp. 195–201, Mar. 2014.
[5] O. Levenspiel, Chemical Reaction Engineering, 3rd ed. New York: Wiley, 1999.
[6] Zulnazri, Zulnazri, Waizul Fahri Purba, and Jalaluddin Jalaluddin. "Hidrolisis Furfural Dari Tongkol Jagung Dengan Katalisator Asam Asetat." Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Unimal 10.2 (2021): 37-44.
[7] R. Juwita, L. R. Syarif, and A. Tuhuloula, “Pengaruh Jenis Dan Konsentrasi Katalisator Asam Terhadap Sintesis Furfural Dari Sekam Padi,” Konversi, vol. 1, no. 1, p. 34, Oct. 2012.
[8] R. Ramadhan, S. Bahri, A. Muarif, and R. Nurlaila, “Pembuatan Furfural Dari Ampas Tebu Dengan Metode Hidrolisis Menggunakan Katalisator Asam Sulfat,” Aug. 2022.
[9] Amborowati, Cindi, et al. "Pengaruh waktu dan temperatur hidrolisis dalam proses sintesis furfural dari sekam padi dengan menggunakan metode hidrolisis dan dehidrasi." Journal of Research and Technology 2.2 (2016): 72-77.
[10] D. E. Nugroho, Laju Reaksi & Mekanisme Reaksi. Semarang: PPSM, 2022.
[11] J. Ronggur Hamonangan Panjaitan, G. Bangun Persada, and D. Supriyadi, “Kinetic Parameters Evaluation of Furfural Degradation Reaction Using Numerical and Integral Methods,” Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan, vol. 2019, no. 2, pp. 71–76, May 2019
[12] D. G. Blackmond, “Reaction progress kinetic analysis: A powerful methodology for mechanistic studies of complex catalytic reactions,” Jul. 11, 2005, Wiley-VCH, New York
[13] B. Danon, G. Marcotullio, and W. De Jong, “Mechanistic and kinetic aspects of pentose dehydration towards furfural in aqueous media employing homogeneous catalysis,” 2014, Royal Society of Chemistry
[14] Dashtban, Mehdi, Allan Gilbert, and Pedram Fatehi. "Production of furfural: overview and challenges." J. Sci. Technol. For. Prod. Process 2.4 (2012): 44-53.
[15] O. He et al., “Experimental and kinetic study on the production of furfural and HMF from glucose,” Catalysts, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1–13, Jan. 2021
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Joshua Theo Anugerah Siahaan, Achmad Aris Syahrul Ramadhan, Kindriari Nurma Wahyusi (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
