Evaluasi Kinerja Operasi Unit Koagulasi Flokulasi Dalam Sistem Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah
Keywords:
Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), Coagulation-Flocculation, Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Turbidity, pHAbstract
The coagulation and flocculation processing units represent a series of processing units that employ physical and chemical methods. The objective of this research is to ascertain the impact of coagulant type on process parameters, including turbidity, TSS, and pH, within the coagulation-flocculation processing unit integrated within the WWTP system. This research employs the use of raw water in the form of an artificial wastewater with characteristics closely resembling those of domestic wastewater, with a particular focus on process parameters such as turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), and pH. The coagulants employed in the coagulation process are polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and aluminum sulfate/alum (Al₂(SO₄)₃.18H₂O). The operation of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is conducted with a coagulation stirring speed of 150 rpm, while flocculation is performed at 60 rpm. A jar test was conducted to ascertain the optimal dose and pH of the coagulant. The results demonstrated that the optimal dose of PAC was 50 ppm, with an optimal pH of 7. In contrast, the optimal dose of alum was 60 ppm, with an optimal pH of 8. The findings revealed that the dose obtained through the implementation of the jar test in the WWTP unit with a stirring speed of 150 rpm yielded the most effective PAC coagulant results, with a TSS value of 10.53 mg/L, turbidity of 4.01 NTU, and pH of 6.74, accompanied by a TSS efficiency value of 94.86%. The velocity gradient and residence time in the coagulation and flocculation units do not align with the specified design criteria. However, both the residence time and overflow rate in the sedimentation unit meet the prescribed design criteria.
References
1. Tzoupanos ND, Zouboulis AI. Coagulation-flocculation processes in water/wastewater treatment: the application of new generation of chemical reagents. In Rhodes; 2008. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/229039796
2. Teh CY, Budiman PM, Shak KPY, Wu TY. Recent Advancement of Coagulation-Flocculation and Its Application in Wastewater Treatment. Ind Eng Chem Res. 2016 Apr 27;55(16):4363–89.
3. Howe KJ, Hand DW, Crittenden JC, Trussell RR, Tchobanoglous G. Principle of Water Treatment. 3rd ed. John Wiley & Sons; 2012.
4. Davis ML. Water and wastewater engineering: design principle and practice. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2011.
5. Metcalf, Eddy. Wastewater engineering: treatment and reuse. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2003.
6. Norjannah S. Keefektifan Dosis Koagulan Feri Klorida (FeCl3 ) Dalam Menurunkan Kadar Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Pada Air Limbah Batik Brotoseno Masaran Sragen Naskah Publikasi. Surakarta; 2015.
7. Oktavia R. Efektivitas Penurunan Chemical Oxygen. [Jambi]: Universitas Jambi; 2023.
8. Sulistia S, Cahaya Septisya A, Teknologi Lingkungan -BPPT dan Program Studi Analisis Kimia Sekolah Vokasi P, Pertanian Bogor I. Analisis Kualitas Air Limbah Domestik Perkantoran. Analisis Kualitas Air… JRL. 2019;12(1):41–57.
9. Abraham MA, Ikhsan M. Uji Kinerja Unit Koagulasi dan Flokuasi pada IPAL Skala Pilot di Laboratorium Pengolahan Limbah Industri. [Bandung]: Politeknik Negeri Bandung; 2018.
10. Aziz N, Effendy N, Basuki KT. Comparison of Poly Aluminium Chloride (Pac) And Aluminium Sulphate Coagulants Efficiency In Waste Water Treatment Plant. 2017;2(1):24–31.
11. S W R, Iswanto B, Winarni. Pengaruh pH Pada Proses Koagulasi Dengan Koagulan Aluminum Sulfat Dan Ferri Klorida. Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan. 2009;5(2):40–5.
12. Nur MFM, Putra H N, Ningsih E. Kombinasi Koagulan dan Flokulan dalam Pengolaha Air Limbah Industri Farmasi. In: Seminar Nasional Sains dan Teknologi Terapan VIII. Surabaya; 2020. p. 339.
13. Tandiarrang J, Devy SD, Trides T. Studi Perbandingan Penggunaan Tawas (Al2(SO4)3) Dan Kapur Padam (Ca(OH)2) Pada Pengolahan Air Asam Tambang Di PT Kaltim Diamond Coal Kecamatan Loa Kulu Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara Kalimantan Timur. Jurnal Teknologi Mineral FT Unmul. 2016 Dec;4(1):23–30.
14. Lin JL, Pan JR, Huang C. Enhanced particle destabilization and aggregation by flash-mixing coagulation for drinking water treatment. Sep Purif Technol. 2013;115:145–51.
15. Muzakky A. Evaluasi dan Desain Ulang Unit Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) Industri Tekstil di Kota Surabaya Menggunakan Biofilter Tercelup Anaerobik-Aerobik. [Surabaya]: Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember; 2016.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Endang Kusumawati, Rivaldo Rofie Fauzi Budiman, Rizky Setianto, Tifa Paramitha, Retno Dwi Jayanti (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.