Pengaruh Variasi HRT dan Kerapatan Tanaman Pistia stratiotes Terhadap Efisiensi Penyisihan BOD dalam Sistem Kombinasi Biofilter dan Fitoremediasi Air Lindi

Chandra Nabila Rahmawati; Firra Rosariawari; Syadzadhiya Qothrunada Zakiyayasin Nisa

Authors

Chandra Nabila Rahmawati Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur Author
Firra Rosariawari Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur Author
Syadzadhiya Qothrunada Zakiyayasin Nisa Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur Author

Keywords:

biofilter , fitoremediasi, landfill leachate, biochemical oxygen demand, phytoremediation

Abstract

Leachate from municipal solid waste landfills contains high concentrations of organic and inorganic pollutants that pose environmental risks if left untreated. One environmentally friendly alternative for leachate treatment is phytoremediation using aquatic plants. This study aims to evaluate the effect of varying hydraulic retention time and plant densities of Pistia stratiotes on the removal efficiency of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) from landfill leachate. Experiments were conducted in a laboratory-scale system combining a biofilter filled with honeycomb media and phytoremediation tanks. Plant densities tested were 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 plants per unit, while HRT was varied at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 days. BOD₅ parameters were analyzed following standard methods and statistically evaluated using two-way ANOVA. Results showed that higher plant density led to an increasing trend in removal efficiency, with BOD removal reaching up to 96%. The statistical analysis showed that HRT variations significantly influenced BOD removal (p < 0.05), while the effect of plant density variation was not statistically significant (p > 0.05. Despite the lack of statistical significance, the practical contribution of increased plant biomass in enhancing phytoremediation through expanded root zones and uptake surfaces was evident. This study suggests that while plant density is not a dominant factor, it plays a supportive role in optimizing leachate phytoremediation performance.

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