Analisis Tekno-Ekonomi Penggantian Komponen PLTS yang Mengalami Degradasi  Menggunakan PVsyst Studi Kasus UG Technopark

Setiyono; Sandi Suryo Prayoga; Dhatu Paragya; Mochamad Karjadi

Authors

Setiyono Universitas Gunadarma Author
Sandi Suryo Prayoga Universitas Gunadarma Translator
Dhatu Paragya Universitas Gunadarma Translator
Mochamad Karjadi Universitas Gunadarma Author

Keywords:

analisis tekno ekonomi, ug techno park, rasio kinerja, net present value, degradasi sistem fotovoltaik

Abstract

Penurunan kinerja sistem Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) akibat degradasi komponen menjadi permasalahan utama dalam menjaga keandalan suplai energi dan efisiensi operasional, khususnya pada sistem PLTS berkapasitas kecil-menengah. Kondisi ini menyebabkan produksi energi tidak optimal serta meningkatnya ketergantungan terhadap jaringan listrik konvensional. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelayakan tekno-ekonomi dari penggantian komponen (repowering) pada sistem PLTS berkapasitas 10,8 kWp di Zona Teknologi Pertanian UG Technopark. Studi dilakukan dengan membandingkan kondisi sistem eksisting yang telah mengalami degradasi dengan skenario repowering yang diusulkan menggunakan perangkat lunak PVsyst. Data yang digunakan meliputi data operasional aktual, spesifikasi teknis komponen, serta data meteorologi lokal. Parameter teknis yang dianalisis terdiri dari produksi energi tahunan, Performance Ratio (PR), dan rugi-rugi sistem, sedangkan analisis ekonomi mencakup Net Present Value (NPV), Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE), dan Payback Period (PBP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem eksisting belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan energi secara optimal, dengan ketergantungan terhadap jaringan listrik PLN sekitar 44–52%. Setelah dilakukan repowering melalui penggantian inverter dan baterai serta optimasi konfigurasi sistem, kinerja operasional menunjukkan peningkatan stabilitas suplai energi dan pemanfaatan energi surya yang lebih efisien.

References

[1] T. Adekunle, A. Azeez, M. O. Iroko, and L. Olatomiwa, “Techno-economic analysis of an optimized renewable energy integrated combined heat and power system for a primary healthcare facility,” 2026.

[2] M. C. Navarro, “Energy technologies for hybrid renewable energy systems: a study of spatially viable sites for hybrid power plants in Spain,” Front. Energy Res., vol. 13, pp. 1–18, 2025, doi: 10.3389/fenrg.2025.1628824.

[3] M. Y. Y. Hishikawa, “Current Status and Future Direction of Photovoltaics,” Appl. Sci., vol. 15, no. 17, p. 9416, 2025, doi: 10.3390/app15179416.

[4] S. R. P. S. Ehsan Rezaee, “Solar Energy in 2025: Global Deployment, Cost Trends, and the Role of Energy Storage in Enabling a Resilient Smart Energy Infrastructure",” Energy Environ. Mater., vol. 9, no. 1, p. e12840, 2025, doi: 10.1002/eem2.70199.

[5] N. E. Merve Yılmaz, Onur Akar, “Technological advancements in PV-based energy storage methods: A comprehensive review",” Int. J. Energy Stud., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 619–646, 2024, doi: 10.58559/ijes.1625250.

[6] S. P. Dharma Aryani, “Artificial Neural Network Prediction to Identify Solar Energy Potential in Eastern Indonesia",” in International Conference on Power Engineering and Applications (ICPEA), 2023, pp. 1–6, doi: 10.1109/ICPEA56918.2023.10093155.

[7] S. Siregar, “‘Role of Solar Photovoltaic Energy in GHG Emission Reduction within Indonesia’s Long-Term Strategy for Low Carbon and Climate Resilience 2050,’” Int. J. Energy Econ. Policy, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 421–428, 2025, doi: 10.32479/ijeep.18352.

[8] S. Chanchangi, “‘Investigation of Degradation and Failure Mechanisms of Photovoltaic Modules in Different Climatic Conditions: A Review,’” Energies, vol. 17, no. 3, p. 721, 2024, doi: 10.3390/en17030721.

[9] S. R. R. Kumar, “Reliability Analysis and Performance Degradation of Solar PV Systems: A Decade in Review",” Sol. Energy, vol. 258, pp. 142–165, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2023.04.052.

[10] M. S. Chowdhury, “‘A Review of Photovoltaic Module Degradation Mechanisms and Diagnostic Methods,’” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 189, p. Part A, 113892, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2023.113892.

[11] N. G. K. S. Kumar, “‘Comprehensive Analysis of Solar PV Degradation Under Various Climatic Conditions,’” IEEE J. Photovoltaics, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 562–575, 2023, doi: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2023.3274510.

[12] A. S. Al-Ezzi, “‘From Reactive to Predictive: Revolutionizing PV Maintenance Strategies for Aging Solar Farms,’” Renew. Energy Focus, vol. 48, p. 100521, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.ref.2023.100521.

[13] F. J. Muñoz-Rodriguez, “‘Repowering Aging Photovoltaic Plants: Technical Potential, Economic Viability, and Environmental Impact,’” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 195, p. 114322, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114322.

[14] M. T. S. R. A. G. S. Kusuma, “‘Strategic Repowering of Solar PV Systems: Integration of Advanced Inverters and High-Efficiency Modules,’” Sol. Energy, vol. 281, p. 113560, 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2024.113560.

[15] F. J. Muñoz-Rodriguez, “‘Techno-Economic Assessment of Full and Partial Repowering in Aging Solar PV Plants: Integrating High-Efficiency Modules and Advanced Storage,’” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 195, p. 114322, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114322.

[16] J. Z. L. Wang, “‘Modernizing Legacy Photovoltaic Assets: The Synergy of Module Upgrading and Battery Retrofitting,’” Appl. Energy, vol. 362, p. 122910, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.122910.

[17] G. S. G. Sacco, “‘Techno-Economic Analysis of Repowering Strategies for Aging Photovoltaic Plants: A Case Study in Southern Europe,’” Energies, vol. 17, no. 5, 2024, doi: 10.3390/en17051124.

[18] G. H. M. Dhimish, “‘Economic and Technical Impacts of Inverter and Module Repowering on Large-Scale PV Plants,’” IEEE J. Photovoltaics, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 285–298, 2024, doi: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2023.3338902.

[19] G. H. M. Dhimish, “‘Data-Driven Performance Simulation for PV Repowering: Addressing Uncertainty in Long-Term Energy Yield,’” IEEE J. Photovoltaics, vol. 14, no. 3, 2024, doi: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2024.3351201.

[20] M. G. Villalva, “Design strategies for building rooftop photovoltaic systems: Efficiency and grid integration,” Sustain. Energy Technol. Assessments, vol. 55, p. 102838, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.seta.2022.102838.

[21] M. A. Islam, “Techno-economic assessment of utility-scale solar PV: A comparative analysis of crystalline silicon and thin-film technologies,” Sol. Energy, vol. 220, pp. 553–566, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2021.03.045.

[22] M. S. Adaramola, “Operational performance assessment of a 5 kWp grid-connected photovoltaic system in Ghana,” Renew. Energy, vol. 171, no. 1, pp. 132–145, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2021.02.079.

[23] R. Korgaonkar, “Viability of performance improvement of degraded Photovoltaic plants through reconfiguration of PV modules,” Sol. Energy, vol. 293, p. 113451, 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2025.113451.