Pengaruh Jenis Oksidator terhadap Karakteristik Bahan Organik Alami pada Pengolahan Air Sungai

Siti Nur Hidayah; Okik Hendriyanto Cahyonugroho; Nur Laili Alfiatin Mukharromah

Authors

Siti Nur Hidayah Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur Author
Okik Hendriyanto Cahyonugroho Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur Author
Nur Laili Alfiatin Mukharromah Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur Author

Keywords:

air sungai, bahan organik alami, Ca(OCl)2, KMnO4, preoksidasi, adsorpsi

Abstract

Bahan organik alami merupakan komponen organik yang umum terdapat pada perairan dan dapat menurunkan kualitas air serta berpotensi membentuk produk samping desinfeksi yang berbahaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh penggunaan kalium permanganat (KMnO₄) dan kalsium hipoklorit Ca(OCl)₂ sebagai oksidator pada proses preoksidasi yang dikombinasikan dengan koagulasi-flokulasi, sedimentasi, dan adsorpsi untuk menyisihkan bahan organik alami dari air sungai. Variasi waktu kontak preoksidasi yang digunakan yaitu 15, 30, 60, dan 120 menit, waktu sedimentasi divariasikan selama 30, 60, 120, dan 240 menit, dan waktu kontak adsorpsi selama 15, 45, 60, dan 90 menit. Proses koagulasi menggunakan aluminium sulfat 45 mg/L dan adsorpsi menggunakan karbon aktif 20 mg/L. Kinerja pengolahan dievaluasi berdasarkan parameter Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) dan absorbansi UV₂₅₄. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi proses preoksidasi, koagulasi-flokulasi, sedimentasi, dan adsorpsi mampu menurunkan nilai COD dari 160 mg/L menjadi 40 mg/L pada penggunaan KMnO₄ dan Ca(OCl)₂. Nilai UV₂₅₄ juga mengalami penurunan dari 0,12633 cm^-1 menjadi 0,07074 cm^-1 pada penggunaan KMnO₄ dan dari 0,12633 cm^-1 menjadi 0,08563 cm^-1 pada penggunaan Ca(OCl)₂. Penambahan preoksidasi menggunakan KMnO₄ dan Ca(OCl)₂sebelum KFS dan adsorpsi meningkatkan penurunan konsentrasi bahan organik.

References

[1] N. H. Hasibuan, I. Suryati, R. Leonardo, A. Risky, P. Ageng, and R. Addauwiyah, “Analisa Jenis, Bentuk Dan Kelimpahan Mikroplastik Di Sungai Sei Sikambing Medan,” J. Sains dan Teknol. J. Keilmuan dan Apl. Teknol. Ind., vol. 20, no. 2, p. 108, 2020, doi: 10.36275/stsp.v20i2.270.

[2] H. N. P. Dayarathne, “Removal of Natural Organic Matter from source water,” Sch. Comput. Eng. Math. Sci. La Trobe Univ., no. February, pp. 1–142, 2022, [Online]. Available: https://opal.latrobe.edu.au/articles/thesis/Removal_of_Natural_Organic_Matter_from_Source_Water/20454456

[3] L. S. Sadewi, M. A. Nugraha, and I. Akhrianti, “Konsentrasi dan Distribusi Karbon Organik Total (TOC), Total Nitrogen (TN) dan Rasio C/N pada Sedimen di Perairan Kawasan Pelabuhan Pangkal Balam, Bangka,” J. Trop. Mar. Sci., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 121–130, 2022.

[4] Hasibuan, Erick Samuel Frederico, Endang Supriyantini, and Sunaryo Sunaryo. "Pengukuran parameter bahan organik di perairan sungai Silugonggo, Kecamatan Juwana, Kabupaten Pati." Buletin Oseanografi Marina 10.3 (2021): 299-306.

[5] H. Sun, H. Lin, J. Shi, and Z. Kuang, “Insights into the Interaction Between Coagulants and Natural Organic Matter (NOM) in Drinking Water Treatment : A Review of Floc Formation and Floc Aging,” pp. 1–25, 2025.

[6] A. Matilainen, M. Vepsäläinen, and M. Sillanpää, “Natural organic matter removal by coagulation during drinking water treatment : A review,” Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., vol. 159, no. 2, pp. 189–197, 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2010.06.007.

[7] A. Knap-bałdyga and M. Zubrowska-sudoł, “Natural Organic Matter Removal in Surface Water Treatment via Coagulation Cur- rent Issues, Potential Solutions and New Findings,” pp. 1–24, 2023.

[8] E. N. Hidayah, O. H. Cahyonugroho, and N. A. Fauziyah, “Performance of Alum Coagulation and Adsorption on Removing Organic Matter and E. coli,” Nat. Environ. Pollut. Technol., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 497–502, 2023, doi: 10.46488/NEPT.2023.V22I01.048.

[9] Nurul Hidayah, Euis, et al. "The Changing of Dissolved Organic Matter Based on Its Molecular Weight Through Alum Coagulation and Adsorption Activated Carbon." MATEC Web of Conferences. Vol. 372. EDP Sciences.

[10] E. N. Hidayah, G. C. Anastasia, and O. H. Cahyonugroho, “Characterization and Removal of Dissolved Organic Matter in River Water Through Preoxidation-Coagulation Process,” Dampak, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 20–25, 2019, doi: 10.25077/dampak.16.1.20-25.2019.

[11] M. N. I. L. Saud and E. Nurhayati, “Preozonasi Sebagai Pretreatment Air Baku: Studi Kasus Instalasi Pengolahan Air Minum (IPAM) Ngagel I Kota Surabaya,” J. Ilm. Tek. Lingkung., vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 83–90, 2023.

[12] E. N. Hidayah, Y. C. Chou, and H. H. Yeh, “Comparison Between HPSEC-OCD and F-EEMs for Assessing DBPs Formation in Water,” J. Environ. Sci. Heal. - Part A Toxic/Hazardous Subst. Environ. Eng., vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 391–402, 2017, doi: 10.1080/10934529.2016.1262607.

[13] P. Wiranti, U. Kadaria, and H. Desmaiani, “Perbandingan Penggunaan Desinfektan Kalsium Hipoklorit (Ca(OCl)2) Dan Natrium Hipoklorit (NaOCl) Pada Air Olahan Perumda Air Minum Tirta Khatulistiwa,” J. Teknol. Lingkung. Lahan Basah, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 845–854, 2023, doi: 10.26418/jtllb.v11i3.69870.

[14] A. Y. Bagastyo et al., “The Role of Aeration and Pre-Chlorination Prior to Coagulation-Flocculation Process in Water Treatment: A Laboratory and Field Research in Indonesia,” vol. 7, pp. 1–10, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.cscee.2023.100352.

[15] F. Meng, G. Huang, X. Yang, and Z. Li, “Identifying the sources and fate of anthropogenically impacted dissolved organic matter (DOM) in urbanized rivers,” Water Res., vol. 47, no. 14, pp. 5027–5039, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.05.043.

[16] P. Xie, Y. Chen, J. Ma, X. Zhang, J. Zou, and Z. Wang, “A Mini Review of Preoxidation to Improve Coagulation,” Chemosphere, vol. 155, pp. 550–563, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.04.003.

[17] Jiang, Jin, et al. "Understanding the role of manganese dioxide in the oxidation of phenolic compounds by aqueous permanganate." Environmental Science & Technology 49.1 (2015): 520-528.

[18] S. Ningsih and T. Harmawan, “Pengaruh Penambahan Al2(SO4)3 Terhadap Derajat Keasaman Air Baku pada Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Tirta Keumueneng Langsa,” Quim. J. Kim. Sains dan Terap., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 20–23, 2022.

[19] T. J. Mohammed and E. Shakir, “Effect of settling time , velocity gradient , and camp number on turbidity removal for oilfield produced water,” Egypt. J. Pet., vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 31–36, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.ejpe.2016.12.006.

[20] Anggriawan, Agus, et al. "Kemampuan adsorpsi logam berat Cu dengan menggunakan adsorben kulit jagung (zea mays)." Jurnal Chemurgy 3.2 (2019): 27-30.

[21] E. Mirzaee and M. Sartaj, “Activated carbon ‐ based magnetic composite as an adsorbent for removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from aqueous phase : Characterization, adsorption kinetics and isotherm studies,” J. Hazard. Mater. Adv., vol. 6, pp. 1–15, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2022.100083.